Exam 2 study guide

The second exam (Wednesday April 3) will consist of multiple-choice, short-answer and short essay questions.  The exam questions will be drawn from 1) material covered in class; 2) important concepts in the assigned readings from Renzetti & Curran, Disch, and the Reader from ECS; 3) guest speaker presentations and 4) your own ideas and syntheses of all the above.  In your studying, go beyond label recognition – be sure you understand the concepts enough to EXPLAIN THEM IN YOUR OWN WORDS.  Study hint: go through this study guide and treat it like a worksheet -- answer all the questions in writing -- working with the material this way will help it sink in and be of great help on the exam.

DON'T FORGET TO STUDY YOUR LECTURE NOTES TOO!
 

Renzetti & Curran

Look at terms and definitions at end of chapters -- emphasize conceptual understanding rather than memorization.

Chapter 6
Functions of the family- how have they changed acc'd to Parsons?
Instrumental vs expressive understanding of roles in the family, problems w/ the functionalist theoretical construct (esp. public/private split) 151-53
Chosen & blended families
What do the authors say are the defining characteristics of families? 155
Sexual double standard 156
How are teen pregnancy rates and reproductive choices/freedom in general affected by race, class, education?156-62
How are housekeeping and caregiving treated as work in U.S. society? What's the "second shift" and who coined the term? 163-65
Gender differences in parenting and kinkeeping 166-68
What proportion of families w/ kids are headed by single-parents? What problems/lack of support to single mothers face? 168-70
What are the economic impacts of divorce for men and women? (Esp. no-fault divorces) 170-71
What is meant by "feminization of poverty?" 171
Gay relationships - stability, meaning & function of friendships in gay communities.  Laws, institutional attitudes toward gay people (DOMA, marriage, adoption, problems of gay "marriage") WHat's R&C's position on the "homosexual lifestyle?" 178-81
Gay rights movement - Stonewall - 180
Myths about the sexual orientation of child molesters 181
How does gay parenting affect children's sexual orientation?
What proportion of domestic violence incidents are reported to authorities? 182
How is domestic violence affected by race, class and gender differences? 183-85
What is the leading cause of death for young african american women? 184
What proportion of girls face sexual abuse? 186
Construction of "the family" (as "normal" vs "abnormal") 189

Chapter 7
What forces have shaped men's and women's participation in the labor force?  (Differences across race and class?) 192-196
Understand occupational sex segregation! 196-207
Dissimilarity index - what is it and what's the U.S. figure?  196-7
What's the dual labor market? 199
What's tokenism and who is known for discussing it? 203
What's the glass ceiling?  The glass escalator?  204
What are important causes of the earnings gap? 207-221
What's human capital theory and what are the problems with it?  215-219
What's statistical discrimination?  224
Impacts of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, Executive Order 11246, and Equal Pay Act of 1963 (pp. 227-229)

Chapter 8
How do rates of male and female offending compare?
What's the emacipation theory of female crime, and how does it stand up to critique?
What best explains recent increases in numbers of women involved in property crimes and drug offenses?   241
How does community policing differ from traditional policing? 244-5
Impact of race, class and gender on sentencing disparities 247-250
Relationship between the sexual double standard and girls being charged w/ status offenses 250-51
Summary on p. 251
Differences between men's and women's prisons 252-3
Problems w/ women's prisons 253-256
Definition of rape 260
Rates of male rape 261
Myths that contribute to rape 260-62
Acquaintance rape and marital rape - definitions and rates 262-3
Treatment of rape victims in criminal justice system
U.S. as a "rape-prone" society 264
Conclusions of research on the relationship between viewing pornography and violence against women 265-67

Chapter 9
Political power differentials between men and women in government, courts, the military
What's the "gender gap" in voting and political attitudes?
What issues to women tend to favor in politics?  Men?
Gender differences in political candidates 285-86, as opposed to BELIEFS about gender differences in politics 287
Differences in media portrayals of candidates across gender
Gender differences in military 295-301
Impact of sexual harassment in military
"Don't Ask, Don't Tell" in the military 302

Disch Anthology

Disch 272-75
What's the 2nd shift/double day?
What are the effects of poverty on communities of color/networks?

Rubin
Generational differences in gender expectations in the household
Emotional work
How and why do black men differ from other men as parents? 281
Child care issues & challenges
child care among parents who work different shifts 282

Gerson
What are the choices fathers face?
How are their choices shaped by various social supports, obstacles, rewards, payoffs?
What's Gerson's position on lack of workplace & domestic supports for fathers?

Lorde
Advantages/challenges of parenting a son as an African American lesbian

Kimmel
How is homophobia related to the "cultural" definition of manhood?
Fear of being a sissy as related to masculinity
Kimmel's definition of homophobia 135
How does power affect definitions of masculinity?
How does Kimmel say women/feminists "experience masculinity," and what does he challenge about this definition?" 136

Sabo
How do organized sports affect cultural concepts of gender?

Finger
How do society, medical experts and movements for sexual & reprod. freedom ignore the rights and needs of people with disabilities?
How do institutions for disabled people treat their sexuality? 246

Collins
What is Collins' critique of scholarship on Black heterosexual relationships? 256
What's sexual politics?
How does the sex/gender hierachy operate for African Americans, esp. women?
How do pornography and prostitution construct Black women's sexuality?
How does the history of rape and lynching construct Black women's and men's sexuality?

Enloe
How do international trade agreements affect women's labor conditions?  How have women workers responded?
How do hourly wages compare to profits for shoe companies? 416, 419

Rust
How does racism interact with heterosexism?
How do different bisexual, lesbian and gay people respond to this interaction?

Albelda & Tilly
How does AFDC serve the same function as unemployment insurance?  363
What's the triple whammy?
Why tackle AFDC? 366
Three dead ends dominating welfare reform debates 366-67
What could be done instead?  367-8

Praeger
Where does Praeger's AFDC income put her in relationship to the federal poverty line?  548
Popular images of welfare recipients 550
How has organizing affect Praeger's life and survival?  553-555

Gray
What is the threat to men if women are not treated well in the workplace?  WHat are the costs of sexist workplace culture for men?  How does sexims undermine the dignity of labor?  (397, 399)
What were the arguments on both sides from men in the union?  Contradictions/double standards on the anti-women workers side?  392
How does Gray apply class principles to sexism?  According to him, how is working-class masculinity constructed in response to classism?

Reskin
Sources of fears about reverse discrimination
Media emphasis on quotas 404, 409
What's the ffect of affirmative action on productivity, stock prices? 405, 410
What are the positions of businesses and most Americans on affirmative action?
Under what circumstancees are race- and gender-conscious practices legal? 410

Disch 477-480
Which groups in U.S. society are more frequently victims of violence and hate crimes? 477-8
What role do you think gender (along with race and class) plays in the "recent killings in schools by boys" mentioned on p. 477?

Kaye/Kantrowitz
Domestic violence as a public health problem: What percentage of women seen in emergency rooms are injured by domestic violence? 490
What is the relationship between class and marital violence? 493
What are the estimated conviction rates for rapists?  493
What is Kaye/Kantrowitz's critique of the feminist anti-pornography movement? 496-498
Why does she say rape should be treated as a hate crime?  501
Different definitions/conceptions of violence, institutionalized violence: what is her main argument re: women and violence? 503-510  What do you think of her argument?

Jensen
What can be concluded from experimental studies on pornography use and violence?  What are the advantages of qualitative approaches?  518-520
Who were Jensen's interview subjects?  What role do gender, race, class and sexual orientation play in his selection of subjects?  How do you think his choice of subjects affects the data he's collected?  527

Zia
What is the discourse now taking place in the Asian American antiviolence/feminist community re: movements and legislation against hate crimes?  What is Zia's argument?  What role does race play?

Marable
What is the spectre/illusion Marable refers to and whom/how does it haunt?
What two crises does he identify as facing African American communities?  How do these two crises interact?
What different forms of violence does Marable identify?  What does his discussion imply with regard to contextualizing violence within the larger social structure?

Gibson
What's Gibson's main argument about the relationship between militarism and masculinity in the U.S.?

Reader

Petchesky
What parallels does Petchesky see between global capitalism and terrorist networks?
What does she identify as the global context for recent terrorist acts? 12-13
What's her position on the war?  What does she suggest as an alternative response?

Steinem
What does Steinem say would have been different if Afghan and American feminists had been listened to earlier?  What does she say we have learned "the hard way?"

hooks
What is hooks' critique of the "women's movement?"
What does she mean by colonialism, neocolonialism and imperialism in the context of feminism?

Connell
What's the globalization of gender and how does it work?
How are masculinities reconstructed and reconstituted?
What are globalizing masculinities?
Critiques and challenges to hegemony and dominant forms of masculinity 66-7

Powers
What's the queer reponse to "straight infiltration?" 136
What drew Powers to gay movements?
According to Powers, how would straight understanding of queer culture affect straightness? 139

Allison
What's Allison's argument against the kind of argument Powers (above) is making?
What does she identify as important differences between "political lesbians" and women who have sex with women?

Som
What does Som need from queer communities?  What challenges does she face in straight and queer communities?

Enloe ("Sneak Attack" handout)
How does Enloe define militarism?  How does she portray the relationship between militarism and gender dynamics in society?