ANTHROPOLOGY 324

SOUTH AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY

Spring 2003

In this course I survey the development of civilization in the Central Andes from its emergence on the Peruvian coast around 3000 B.C. to the European conquest of the area in the 16th century A.D. In this survey I shall examine the various methods used by modern scholars to study Andean pre-Columbian civilizations through archaeology, history and ethnology, discussing how these approaches differ in their theoretical and methodological applications and in their potential for reconstructing the past.

I focus on the best- known Central Andean civilization, that of the 15^th century AD Inca, and its two chief predecessors - the Titicaca Basin of southern highland Peru and western Bolivia, and the Pacific Coastal Plain of northern Peru. The people of these regions created long traditions of urban society with complex systems of subsistence technology, settlement, political structure, artistic expression, and religious ideology. I shall explore the histories of these important Andean civilizations and the neighboring areas that they dominated, examining the ways in which their development was influenced by ecological, technological, cultural and ideological factors. In addition I discuss the ways in which their modern descendants have modified these same Andean traditional strategies in addressing their more recent historic circumstances.

Readings

The required books for this course are:

Garth Bawden. 1996. The Moche. Oxford, Blackwell.

Alan L. Kolata. 1993. The Tiwanaku. Oxford, Blackwell.

Michael E. Moseley.1992. The Incas and their Ancestors. London, Thames and Hudson.

In addition all teaching notes can be found on the web at: http://www.unm.edu/~gbawden/

plus suffix as noted in the individual class headings in the schedule.

ANTHROPOLOGY 324

Spring 2003

12.30 - 1.45 Tuesdays and Thursdays

Dane Smith Hall, Room 325

Instructor: Garth Bawden.

Telephone: 277-4405 (Dionne Rodriguez)

e-mail: gbawden@unm.edu

Offices: Maxwell Museum of Anthropology 121 & Anthropology Annex, B09

Office Hours: Wednesday 2.00-4.00 pm

Assistant Instructor: Veronica Arias

e-mail : arias@unm.edu.

Office: Anthropology Annex, B09

Office Hours: TBA

Class Schedule

Introduction

Jan 21: General Introduction.

Jan 23: Environmental factors. 324-environ/324-environ.htm]

Jan 28: Review of Andean Research and Culture History. 324-research/324-research.htm

Readings for this section:

Bawden. Chapters 1 and 2.

Kolata. Chapters 1, 2 and 3.

Moseley. Chapters 1 and 2.

Andean Social Organization and Structure

Jan 30: The Ayllu. 324-ayllu/324-ayllu.htm

Feb 4: Andean Land Management and Sacred Geography. 324-land/324-land.htm

Feb 6: Basic Andean Cosmology. 324-cosmology/324-cosmology.htm

Feb 11: Shamanism and Religious Practice. 324-shamanism/324-shamanism.htm

Readings for this section:

Bawden. Chapter 5 (139-149).

Moseley. Chapter 3.

Inca Political Organization

Feb 13: Inca Video. 324-IncOrigin/324-IncOrigin.htm

Feb 18: Inca Origins and Myths.

Feb 20: The Archaeology of Cuzco and its Hinterland. 324-IncCuzco/324-IncCuzco.htm

Feb 25: Inca Imperial Cosmology and Political Organization. 324-IncAdmin/324-IncAdmin.htm

Feb 27: Regional Inca Archaeology. 324-IncReg/324-IncReg.htm

Readings for this Section

Kolata: Chapter 6 (205-214).

Moseley: Chapter 3.

Mar 4: First Hour Exam.

Origins of Coastal Andean Civilization

Mar 6: Preceramic Period Origins. 324-Preceramic/324-Preceramic.htm

Mar 11: Initial Period Roots. 324- Initial/324-Initial.htm

Reading for this Section

Moseley. Chapters 4, 5 and 6.

Peruvian North Coast Tradition

Mar 13: Moche Antecedents. 324-MochOrigins/324-MochOrigins.htm

[Mar16-22: Spring Break]

Mar 25: Moche Archaeology. 324-MArcheo/324-MArcheo.htm

Mar 27: Moche Political Ideology. 324-MPol/324-MPol.htm

Apr 1: The end of the Moche Period. 324-MLateA/324-MLateA.htm

324-MLateB/324-MlateB.htm

Apr.3: The Emergence of Chimú and Sicán 324-MTransition/324-MTransition.htm

Apr 8: The Chimú State and Chanchan. 324-ChState/324-ChState.htm

[Apr 10: No Class]

Apr 15: Second Hour Exam

Readings for this Section

Bawden. Chapters 2 (Review) and 3 to end of book.

Moseley. Chapters 7 (161-190), 8 (209-216) and 9 (248-261).

The Southern Highland (Titicaca Basin) Tradition

Apr 17: Initial Period Origins. 324-TOrigins/324-TOrigins.htm

Apr 22: The dominance of Tiwanaku. 324-TRise/324-TRise.htm

Apr 24: The Tiwanaku Hinterland. 324-THint/324-THint.htm

Apr 29: The Tiwanaku Empire. 324-TEmp/324-TEmp.htm

May 1: Middle Horizon Connections: The Wari Empire. 324-Wari/324-Wari.htm

May 6: Tiwanaku Collapse and its Aftermath

May 8: Review

Readings for this Section.

Kolata. Chapters 3 (Review) and 4 to end of book.

Moseley. Chapters 6 (145-152), 7 (201-208), 8 (216-230) and 9 (231-248).

May 15 Final Exam