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2011
                                               
Cooperative self-assembly assisted formation
of monodipserse optically active spherical and
anisotropic nanoparticles

This article summarizes the recent
advances in the synthesis and
self-assembly of a new building block:
nanocrystal-micelle. Its bioapplications
and formation of ordered arrays for
integrationof charge transport devices
are also discussed.
Porous One-Dimensional Nanostructures through Confined Cooperative Self-Assembly

Feng Bai, Zaicheng Sun, Huimeng Wu, Raid E. Haddad, Eric N. Coker, Jian Yu Huang, Mark A. Rodriguez, and Hongyou Fan

Nano Letters, 11 (12), pp 5196–5200, 2011 Online

We report a simple confined self-assembly process to synthesize nanoporous one-dimensional photoactive nanostructures. Through surfactant-assisted cooperative interactions (e.g., π–π stacking, ligand coordination, and so forth) of the macrocyclic building block, zinc meso-tetra (4-pyridyl) porphyrin (ZnTPyP), self-assembled ZnTPyP nanowires and nanorods with controlled diameters and aspect ratios are prepared. Electron microscopy characterization in combination with X-ray diffraction and gas sorption experiments indicate that these materials exhibit stable single-crystalline and high surface area nanoporous frameworks with well-defined external morphology. Optical characterizations using UV–vis spectroscopy and fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy show enhanced collective optical properties over the individual chromophores (ZnTPyP), favorable for exciton formation and transport.

Templated Photocatalytic Synthesis of Well-Defined Platinum Hollow Nanostructures with Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Methanol Oxidation

Feng Bai, Zaicheng Sun, Huimeng Wu, Raid E. Haddad, Xiaoyin Xiao, and Hongyou Fan

Nano Letters, 11 (9), pp 3759–3762, 2011 Online

Hollow metallic nanostructures exhibit important applications in catalysis, sensing, and phototherapy due to their increased surface areas, reduced densities, and unique optical and electronic features. Here we report a facile photocatalytic process to synthesize and tune hollow platinum (Pt) nanostructures. Through hierarchically structured templates, well-defined hollow Pt nanostructures are achieved. These nanostructures possess interconnected nanoporous framework as shell with high surface area for enhanced catalytic performance/mass transport for methanol oxidation.
Deviatoric Stress Driven Formation of Large Single-Crystal PbS Nanosheet from Nanoparticles and in Situ Monitoring of Oriented Attachment

Z. Wang, C. Schliehe, T. Wang, Y. Nagaoka, Y. C. Cao, W. A. Bassett, H. Wu, H. Fan, and H. Weller

Journal of the American Chemical  Society, 133 (37), pp 14484–14487, 2011  Online.

Two-dimensional single-crystal PbS nanosheets were synthesized by deviatoric stress-driven orientation and attachment of nanoparticles (NPs). In situ small- and wide-angle synchrotron X-ray scattering measurements on the same spot of the sample under pressure coupled with transmission electron microscopy enable reconstruction of the nucleation route showing how enhanced deviatoric stress causes ordering NPs into single-crystal nanosheets with a lamellar mesostructure. At the same time that deviatoric stress drives SC(110) orientation in a face-centered-cubic supercrystal (SC), rocksalt (RS) NPs rotate and align their RS(200) and RS(220) planes within the SC(110) plane. When NPs approach each other along the compression axis, enhanced deviatoric stress drives soft ligands passivated at RS(200) and RS(220) surfaces to reorient from a group of SC(110) in-planes to the interspace of SC[110]-normal planes. While the internal NP structure starts a rocksalt-to-orthorhombic transition at 7.1 GPa, NPs become aligned on RS(220) and RS(200) and thus become attached at those faces. The transition-catalyzed surface atoms accelerate the inter-NP coalescing process and the formation of low-energy structure nanosheet. Above 11.6 GPa, the nucleated single-crystal nanosheets stack into a lamellar mesostructure that has a domain size comparable to the starting supercrystal.
Template directed assembly of dynamic micellar nanoparticles

K. A. Arpin, J. H. Pikul, W. P. King, H. Fan and P. V. Braun

Soft Matter, 7, 10252-10257, 2011  Online.

The ability to pattern functional nanoparticle arrays in multiple dimensions will enable future devices which exhibit functions that cannot be realized using unstructured nanoparticle arrays. Here we demonstrate the unique assembly properties of dynamic micellar nanoparticles by combining a top down lithographic nanopatterning technique with a solution-based bottom up self-assembly. The templates for the directed self-assembly of the micelles consisted of arrays of cylindrical recess features fabricated by nanoimprint lithography. Silica was coated on this patterned substrate and subsequently selectively functionalized with a positively charged molecular monolayer (N-(3-Trimethoxysilylpropyl) diethylenetriamine) to regulate the micelle-surface interactions. The self-assembled block co-polymer polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (PS480k–PVP145k) micelles were approximately 325nm in diameter in aqueous solutions (pH = 2.5) and 50nm in diameter in the dry state. The average number of micelles assembled per feature increased from less than 1 to 12 with increasing feature diameter in the range of 200nm–1μm. Using a 2D model for maximum packing of circles in circular host features, the effective sphere size of the micelles during assembly was calculated to be 250nm in diameter. Thus, the micelles exhibited three characteristic sizes during assembly, 325nm in bulk solution, 250nm during assembly, and 50nm in the dry state. This dramatic variation in nanoparticle volume during the assembly process offers unique opportunities for forming nanometre scale, multidimensional arrays not accessible using hard sphere building blocks.
2010
In Situ Observation of the Electrochemical Lithiation of a Single SnO2 Nanowire Electrode

J. Y. Huang, L. Zhong, C. M. Wang, J. P. Sullivan, W. Xu, L. Q. Zhang, S. X. Mao, N. S. Hudak, X. H. Liu, A. Subramanian, H. Fan, L. Qi, A. Kushim and J. Li

Science, Vol. 330 (#6010) 1515-1520, 2010. Online.

We report the creation of a nanoscale electrochemical device inside a transmission electron microscope—consisting of a single tin dioxide (SnO2) nanowire anode, an ionic liquid electrolyte, and a bulk lithium cobalt dioxide (LiCoO2) cathode—and the in situ observation of the lithiation of the SnO2 nanowire during electrochemical charging. Upon charging, a reaction front propagated progressively along the nanowire, causing the nanowire to swell, elongate, and spiral. The reaction front is a “Medusa zone” containing a high density of mobile dislocations, which are continuously nucleated and absorbed at the moving front. This dislocation cloud indicates large in-plane misfit stresses and is a structural precursor to electrochemically driven solid-state amorphization. Because lithiation-induced volume expansion, plasticity, and pulverization of electrode materials are the major mechanical effects that plague the performance and lifetime of high-capacity anodes in lithium-ion batteries, our observations provide important mechanistic insight for the design of advanced batteries.
Nanostructured Gold Architectures Formed  through High Pressure-Driven Sintering of Spherical Nanoparticle Arrays,

H. Wu, F. Bai, Z. Sun, R. E. Haddad, D. M. Boye, Z. Wang, J. Y. Huang, and H. Fan

Journal of the American Chemical  Society, 132 (37) 12826-12828, 2010. Online.

3D nanostructures under pressure: we have demonstrated pressure-directed assembly for preparation of a new class of chemically and mechanically stable gold nanostructures through high pressure-driven sintering of nanoparticle assemblies at room temperature. We show that under a hydrostatic pressure field, the unit cell dimension of a 3D ordered nanoparticle array can be reversibly manipulated allowing fine-tuning of interparticle separation distance. In addition, 3D nanostructured gold architecture can be formed through high pressure-induced nanoparticle sintering. This work opens a new pathway for engineering and fabrication of different metal nanostructured architectures.
Pressure-Driven Assembly of Spherical Nanoparticles and Formation of 1D Nanostructure Arrays

H. Wu, F. Bai, Z. Sun, R. E. Haddad, D. M. Boye, Z. Wang, and H. Fan

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49 (45), 8431-8434, 2010. Online

 Forced into line: External pressure was used to engineer nanoparticle assembly. Reversible manipulation of the unit-cell dimensions of a 3D ordered nanoparticle array under a hydrostatic pressure field enabled the fine-tuning of the interparticle distance. Under a uniaxial pressure field, nanoparticles were forced to contact and coalesce into nanorods or nanowires and ordered ultrahigh-density arrays (see picture; small arrows denote pressure).
Monodisperse porous nanodiscs with optically active and crystalline wall structure

F. Bai, H. Wu, R. E. Haddad, Z. Sun, S. K. Schmitt, V. R. Skocypec, and H. Fan

Chemical Communications, 46, 4941-4943, 2010. Online
We report a facile solution process to synthesize monodisperse porous nanodiscs through confined molecular self-assembly of surfactants and ZnTPyP. The nanodiscs exhibit trimodal pores with fluorescent and crystalline wall structures, and are potentially important for sorption and separation, sensors, catalytic materials, electrode materials, etc.
2009

"Hydrogen-bonding-assisted self-assembly: monodisperse hollow nanoparticles made easy,"

Z. Sun, F. Bai, H. Wu, S. K. Schmitt, D. M. Boye, and H. Fan

Journal of the American Chemical  Society,131 (38), pp 13594 – 13595, 2009. Online
A facile self-assembly process for synthesizing monodisperse hollow spherical nanoparticles that are less than 50 nm in diameter has been developed. Preferential hydrogen bonding between an amphiphilic block copolymer (polystyrene-b-polyvinylpyridine, PS-PVP) and a hydrogen-bonding agent (HA) enables formation of monodisperse spherical solid polymer nanoparticles with the HA residing in the particle core surrounded by the polymer. Removal of the HA results in monodisperse hollow nanoparticles with tunable hollow cavity size and internal surface reactivity. Formation of ordered hollow nanoparticle films with controlled index of refraction for antireflective coating applications is demonstrated.

"Cooperative self-assembly assisted formation of monodipserse optically active spherical and anisotropic nanoparticles,

Z. Sun, F. Bai, H. Wu, S. K. Schmitt, D. M. Boye, Z. Jiang, J. Wang, and H. Fan

Chemistry - A European Journal, 15, 11128 – 11133, 2009. Online


We report a new method in which spontaneous self-assembly is employed to synthesize monodisperse polymer nanoparticles with controlled size (<50 nm), shape, tunable functionality, and enhanced solvent and thermal stability. Cooperative noncovalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding and aromatic pi–pi stacking, assist selfassembly of amphiphilic macromolecules (polystyrene-block-polyvinylpyridine, PS-PVP) and structure directing agents (SDAs) to form both spherical and anisotropic solid polymer nanoparticles with SDAs residing in the particle core surrounded by the polymers. Through detailed investigations by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we have rationalized nanoparticle morphology evolution and dependence
on factors such as SDA concentration and PVP size. By keeping the PS chain size constant, the particle morphology progresses from continuous films to spherical particles, and on to cylindrical nanowires or rods with increasing the PVP chain size. The final nanoparticles are very stable and can be redispersed in common solvents to form homogenous solutions and thin films of ordered nanoparticle arrays through solvent evaporation processes. These nanoparticles exhibit tunable fluorescent colors (or emissions) depending on the choices of the central SDAs. Our method is simple and general without requiring complicated synthetic chemistry, stabilizing surfactants, or annealing procedures (e.g., temperature or solvent annealing), making scalable synthesis feasible.

"Vapor sensing using conjugated molecule-linked Au nanoparticles in a silica matrix," 

S. M. Dirk, S. W. Howell, B. K. Price, H. Fan, C. Washburn, D. R. Wheeler, J. M. Tour, J. Whiting, and R. J. Simonson

 Journal of Nanomaterials, 2009.
2008                                            
  • "Dynamic investigation of gold nanocrystal assemby using in-situ grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray,"
           D. Dunphy, X. Li, J. Wang, C. J. Brinker, and H. Fan,
            Langmuir, 24 (19) 10575-10578, 2008. [pdf]
  • "Lithographically Defined Carbon Growth Templates for ELOG of GaN,"
             D. B. Burckel, H. Fan, G. Thaler, and D. D. Koleske,
                Journal of Crystal Growth, 310 (12), 3113-3116, 2008.
  • "Nanocrystal-micelles: synthesis, self-assembly, and applications,"
            H. Fan,
                Chemical Communications, 12, 1383-1394, 2008.  (invited feature article, cover, Chem Comm's top 5 from 2008)
  • "An NBD fluorophore-based sensitive and selective fluorescent probes for zinc ion,"
           W. Jiang, Q. Fu, H. Fan, W. Wang,
                Chemical Communications, 2 , 259-261, 2008.
2007
  • "Facile synthesis of nanostructured carbon through self-assembly between block copolymers and carbohydrates," 
            A. T. Rodriguez, X. Li, J. Wang, W. A. Steen, and H. Fan, 
                Advanced Functional Materials, 15, 2710-2716, 2007. [pdf]
  • "A highly selective fluorescent probe for thiophenols,"
            W. Jiang, Q. Fu, H. Fan, J. Ho, W. Wang,
                Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46, 8445-8448, 2007.
  • "Synthesis and self-assembly of fcc phase FePt Nanorods," 
            M. Chen, T. Pica, T-B Jiang, P. Li, K. Yano, J. P. Liu, A. K. Datye, and H. Fan,
                Journal of the American Chemical  Society, 129 (20), 6348-6349, 2007. [pdf]
  •  "Modulus-density scaling behaviour and framework architechture of nanoporous self-assembled silicas,"
            H. Fan, C. Hartshorn, T. Buchheit, D. Tallant, R. Assink, R. Simpson, D. Kissel, D. J. Lacks, S. Torquato, and C. J. Brinker,
                Nature Materials, 6, 418-423, 2007.
2006
  • "Convective self-assembly to synthesize supported ultra-thin mesoporous silica films," 
            Zhen Yuan, Bruce Burckel, Plamen Atanassov, and Hongyou Fan,
            Journal of Materials Chemistry, 16 (48), 4637-4641, 2006. (featured on cover) [pdf]
  • "Synthesis of FePt nanocubes and their oriented self-assembly," 
            Min Chen, Jaemin Kim, J, P. Liu, Hongyou Fan, and Shouheng Sun,
          Journal of the American Chemical Society, 128 (22), 7132 -7133, 2006.
  • "Nanoporous carbon nanotubes synthesized through confined hydrogen bonding self-assembly," 
            Adrian T. Rodriguez, Min Chen, and Zhu Chen, Jeffrey Brinker, and Hongyou Fan,
         Journal of the American Chemical Society, 128 (29), 9276-9277, 2006. [pdf]
  • "Hierarchical ordered mesophase crystals formed through hydrothermal self-assembly of nanocrystal-micelles and silsesquioxane," 
            Adam Wright, John Gabaldon, Bruce Burckel, Ying-Bing Jiang, Z Ryan Tian, Jun Liu, Jeffrey Brinker, and Hongyou Fan,
            Chemistry of Materials, 18(13), 3034-3038, 2006. (Featured on Cover from September to October 2006) [pdf]
  • "Cell-directed assembly of the bio-nano interface," 
            Helen K. Baca, Carlee Ashley, Eric Carnes, Deanna Lopez, Jeb Flemming, Darren Dunphy, Seema Singh, Zhu Che, Nanguo Liu,
            Hongyou Fan, Gabriel P. Lopez, Susan M. Brozik, Margaret Werner-Washburne, and C. Jeffrey Brinker,
            Science, 313 (no. 5785), 337-341, 2006. (Featured on C & E News 2006)
  • "Ordered nanocrystal/silica particles self-assembled from nanocrystal micelles and silicate,"
           Hongyou Fan, John Gabaldon, C. Jeffrey Brinker, and Ying-Bing Jiang,
            Chemical Communications, 22, 2323-2325, 2006. (Featured on Cover) [pdf]
  • "3-Dimensionally ordered gold nanocrystal/silica superlattice thin films synthesized via sol-gel self-assembly," 
            Hongyou Fan, Adam, Wright, John Gabaldon, Adrian Rodriguez, Jeffrey Brinker, and Ying-Bing Jiang,
            Advanced Functional Materials, vol. 16, 891-895, 2006. (Featured on Cover) [pdf]

2005

  • "Synthesis of organo-silane functionalized nanocrystal micelles and their self-assembly," 
            Hongyou Fan, Zhu Chen, Jeffrey Brinker, Jacalyn Clawson, and Todd Alam,
         Journal of the American Chemical Society vol.127, 13746-13747, 2005. [pdf]
  • "Ordered two- and three-dimensional arrays self-assembled from water-soluble nanocrystal-micelles," 
            Hongyou Fan, Erik Leve, John Gabaldon, Adam Wright, Raid E. Haddad, Jeffrey Brinker,
          Advanced Materials vol.17, 2587-2590, 2005. [pdf]
  • "Electrical and optical properties of self-assembled, ordered gold nanocrystal/silica thin films prepared by sol-gel processing," 
            Kai Yang, Hongyou Fan, Kevin J. Malloy, C. Jeffrey Brinker, and Thomas W. Sigmon,
          Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 872, 103-108, 2005. 
  • "Surfactant-assisted synthesis of water-soluble and biocompatible quantum dot micelles for bioapplications,"
             Hongyou Fan, Erik W. Leve, Chessa Scullin, David Tallant, Michael C. Wilson, C. J. Brinker,
           Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5705, 92-100, 2005.
  • "Optical and electrical properties of self-assembled, ordered gold nanocrystal/silica thin films prepared by sol-gel processing," 
            Kai Yang, Hongyou Fan, Kevin J. Malloy, C. Jeffrey Brinker, and Thomas W. Sigmon,
          Thin Solid Film vol. 491, 38-42, 2005.
  • "Surfactant-assisted synthesis of water-soluble and biocompatible quantum dot micelles," 
            Hongyou Fan, Erik W. Leve, Chessa Scullin, John Gabaldon, David Tallant, Scott Bunge, Tim Boyle, Michael C. Wilson, and C. Jeffrey Brinker,
            Nano Letters vol. 5, 645-648, 2005. (One of the most highly accessed articles on ACS website)  [pdf]

2004

  • "Self-assembly of ordered, robust, three-dimensional gold/silica nanocrystal arrays," 
            Hongyou Fan, Kai Yang, Daniel M. Boye, Thomas Sigmon, Kevin J. Malloy, Huifang Xu, and C. Jeffrey Brinker,
          Science vol.304, 567-571, 2004. [pdf]
  • "Evaporation-induced self-assembly to functional nanostructure," 
            Hongyou Fan and Jeffrey Brinker,
          Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, vo1. 48, 213-240, 2004.
Publications before 2003
  • "Investigation of templated mesoporous silicate materials using high speed, solid-state 1H MAS and double quantum NMR spectroscopy." 
            Todd M. Alam and Hongyou Fan,
          Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics vol. 204, No.16, 2023-2030, 2003.
  • "Characterization of the microstructure of PS-b-PEO-templated silica films with a 3-D arrangement of spherical mesopores," 
            Bernd Smarsly, Kui Yu, George, Xomeritakis, Roger A. Assink, Celeste Drewien, Nanguo Liu, Hongyou Fan, Wilhelm Ruland, C. Jeffrey Brinker,
          Langmuir vol.19, no.18, 7295-7301, 2003.
  • "Synthesis and characteization of a novel family of lithium cobalt double alkoxides and the characterization of the nanoparticle and thin films generated there from," 
            Timothy J. Boyle, Mark A. Rodriguez, David Ingersoll, Dawn M. Pedrotty, Sara C. Vick, Scott D. Bunge. Hongyou Fan,
            Chemistry of Materials vol. 15, 3903-3912, 2003.
  • "Functional nanocomposites prepared by self-assembly and polymerization of diacetylene surfactants and silicic acid," 
            Yi Yang, Yunfeng Lu, Mengcheng Lu, Jinman Huang, Raid Haddad, George Xomeritakis, Nanguo Liu, Anthony P. Malanoski, Dietmar Sturmayr,
            Hongyou Fan, Darryl Y. Sasaki, Roger A. Assink, John A. Shelnutt, Frank van Swol, Gabriel P. Lopez, Alan R. Burns, and C. Jeffrey Brinker, 
            Journal of the American Chemical Society vol. 125, 1269-1277, 2003. 

2001

  • "Self-assembled aerogel-like low dielectric constant films," 
            Hongyou Fan, Holly R. Bentley, Kyle R. Kathan, Paul Clem, Yunfeng Lu, and C. Jeffrey Brinker,
            Journal of Non-Crystal. Solids vol. 285 (#1-3) 79-83, 2001.
  • "Multiphased assembly of nanoporous silica particles," 
            Hongyou Fan, Frank Van Swol, Yunfeng Lu, and C. Jeffrey Brinker,
            Journal of Non-Crystal. Solids vol. 285 (#1-3), 71-78, 2001.                                                                                                                         
  • "Hierarchically structured functional porous and composite mesostructures produced by evaporation-driven self-assembly," 
            Hongyou Fan, Scott T. Reed, Tom Baer, Randy Schunk, Gabriel P. Lopez, and C. Jeffrey Brinker,
            Microporous and Mesoporous Materials vol. 44-45, 625-637, 2001.
  • "Self-assembly of mesoscopically ordered chromatic polydiacetylene/silica nanocomposites," 
            Yunfeng Lu, Yi Yang, Alan Sellinger, Mengcheng Lu, Jinman Huang, Hongyou Fan, Raid Haddad, Gabriel P. Lopez, Alan R. Burns, Darryl Y. Sasaki,
            John Shelnutt, and C. Jeffrey Brinker,
            Nature, vol. 410, 913-917, 2001.

2000

  • "Rapid prototyping of patterned functional nanostructures," 
            Hongyou Fan, Yunfeng Lu, Aaron Stump, Scott T. Reed, Tom Baer, Randy Schunk, Victor Perez-Luna, Gabriel P. Lopez, and C. Jeffrey Brinker,
            Nature, vol. 405, 56-60, 2000.
  • "Surfactant templated mesoporous hybrid thin films," Hongyou Fan, Yunfeng Lu, Roger A. Assink, Gabriel P. Lopez, and C. Jeffrey Brinker, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 628, CC6.41.1-CC6.41.7, 2000.
  • "Patterned Functional Arrays by Selective De-wetting," Hongyou Fan, Dhaval D. Doshi, Yunfeng Lu, Gabriel P. Lopez, and C. Jeffrey Brinker, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 628, CC6.33.1-CC6.33.6, 2000.
  • "Rapid Prototyping of Patterned Multifunctional Nanostructures," Hongyou Fan, Gabriel P. Lopez, and C. Jeffrey Brinker, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 624, 231-240, 2000.
  • "Optically, defined multifunctional patterning of photosensitive thin-film silica mesophases," Dhaval Doshi, Nicola Huesing, Mencheng Lu, Hongyou Fan, Yunfeng Lu, Simmons Potter K, Potter BG, 
        Alan A. Hurd, and C. Jeffrey Brinker, Science, vol. 290,107-111, 2000.
  • "Evaporation-induced self-assembly of hybrid bridged silsesquioxane film and particulate mesophases with integral organic functionality," Yunfeng Lu, Hongyou Fan, Nilesh Doke, Douglas A. Loy, 
        Roger A. Assink, David A. Lavan, and C. Jeffrey Brinker, Journal of the American Chemical Society vol. 122, 5258-5261, 2000.
  • "A new application of UV-ozone treatment in the preparation of substrate-supported mesoporous thin films," Theotis Clark, Jr., Julia D. Ruiz, Hongyou Fan, C. Jeffrey Brinker, Basil I. Swanson, 
       and Atul N. Parikh, Chemistry of Materials vol. 12, 3879-3884, 2000.

1999

  • "Aerosol-assisted self-assembly of mesotructured spherical nanoparticles," Yunfeng Lu, Hongyou Fan, Aaron Stump, Timothy, L. Ward, Thomas Rieker, and C. Jeffrey Brinker, Nature vol. 398, 223 – 226, 1999.
  • "Evaporation-induced self-assembly: nanostructures made easy," C. Jeffrey Brinker, Yunfeng, Lu, Alan Sellinger, and Hongyou Fan, Advanced Materials vol. 11, No. 7, 579-585, 1999.
  • "Nanostructural lithography via photo-initiated phase transition of silica-surfactant assemblies," Dhaval Doshi, Nicola Huesing, Hongyou Fan, Alan A. Hurd, and C. Jeffrey Brinker, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 576, 263-268, 1999.

1998

  • "Compositional-mapping of micropatterned, mixed self-assembled monolayers by lateral force microscopy," Yuqing Zhou, Hongyou Fan, Tommy Fong, and Gabriel P. Lopez, Langmuir vol. 14 (#3), 660-666, 1998.

1997

  • "Adsorption of surface-modified colloidal gold particles onto self-assembled monolayers: A model system for the study of interactions of colloidal particles and organic surfaces," Hongyou Fan and Gabriel P. Lopez, Langmuir, vol. 13(#2) 119-121, 1997.
  • "Stepwise assembly in three dimensions: Preparation and characterization of layered gold nanoparticles in porous silica matrices," Hongyou Fan, Yuqing Zhou, and Gabriel P. Lopez, Advanced Materials vol. 9 (#9), 728-731, 1997.

1996

  • "Attachment of bacteria to model solid surfaces: Oligo(ethylene glycol) surfaces inhibit bacterial attachment," Linnea K. Ista, Hongyou Fan, Oswald Baca, and Gabriel P. Lopez, FEMS Microbiology Letters vol.142 (#1), 59-63, 1996.
  • "Electrochemical patterning of self-assembled monolayers onto microscopic arrays of gold electrodes fabricated by laser ablation," Lenny M. Tender, Lewis L. Worley, Hongyou Fan, and Gabriel P. Lopez, Langmuir vol. 12 (#23) 5515-5518, 1996.

1994

"Ion beam effects on polyaniline films," Lin, Senhao; Rong, Tingwen; Wan, Honghe; Bao, Jinrong; Wang, Wenmin; Sun, Jianhua; Jing, Xiabing; Wang, Lixiang; Fan, Hongyou, Acta Polymerica Sinica vol. 1, 48-54, 1994.