|
|||||||||||||||||
|
SILOT’INE: AN INSURANCE PERSPECTIVE ON NORTHERN DENE KINSHIP NETWORKS IN RECENT HISTORY Robert Jarvenpa Fundamental patterns in residential groupings, marriage, kinship networks, and alliances are examined for Dene, or Chipewyan, Indian families who occupied winter staging and outpost communities during the 1920s to 1950s, the last decades that seasonal family nomadism and fur hunting were integrally linked as part of a bush economy in central subarctic Canada. Continuities and changes in these patterns are followed into the 1960s to 1990s, an era of accelerating settlement nucleation, service centralization, and wage labor. The role and meaning of personal bilateral kindreds (silot’ine) in these varying historical contexts are highlighted in this analysis. In turn, the Chipewyan experience is used to interpret the kindred in terms of risk-management, insurance, and related theoretical perspectives. Information derives from integrated ethnographic, ethnoarchaeological, and archival research conducted among the Keysehot’ine group of southern Chipewyan between the 1970s and 1990s. PATIENCE IN A FORAGING-HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY: A TEST OF COMPETING HYPOTHESES Ricardo Godoy Elizabeth Byron Victoria Reyes-García William R. Leonard Karishma Patel Lilian Apaza Eddy Pérez Vincent Vadez David Wilkie Patience, or the ability to delay gratification, matters in the behavioral and medical sciences and in public policy because it correlates with a wide range of desirable outcomes. For instance, patience correlates positively with income, wealth, conservation of natural resources, health, and savings and negatively with crime and drug addiction. Anthropologists have made few contributions to crosscultural studies of patience despite its importance. Drawing on five-quarter panel data from 154 Amerindians (10-80 years of age) from the Tsimane’ foraging horticultural society in the Bolivian Amazon, we use hyperbolic and exponential discounting to estimate patience and the correlation between patience and (a) modern human capital, (b) personal affluence, and (c) age. Levels of impatience in Tsimane’ society are higher than in Western societies. We find a strong negative correlation between schooling and impatience and a weaker, but still negative, correlation between impatience and modern human-capital skills. We find mixed support for (b), probably because of sharing and reciprocity. We also find mixed support for (c), probably because of a truncated sample and measurement error of the age variable. We discuss areas for future research to encourage anthropologists to contribute to the cross-cultural understanding of patience. RITUAL GENDERED
RELATIONSHIPS: Ana Mariella Bacigalupo I show how spiritual kinships ties, spiritual marriages, and relationships of mastery between Mapuche shamans (machi), animals, and spirits in initiation and healing rituals reflect historical ethnic and national relationships, social and gender dynamics, and complex understandings of personhood. Machi’s spiritual relationships are shaped by the gendered power dynamics of colonial mastery and domination, marriage and seduction, possession and ecstasy, and hierarchical kinship systems. These spiritual relationships reflect a complex understanding of personal consciousness in which machi are agents of their actions but at the same time share self with the spirits and are dominated by them. Machi gain varied forms of knowledge and power through the exchange of bodily substances as well as through spiritual means. In doing so, they offer a new perspective on current discussions among anthropologists about embodiment, ensoulment, and personhood. FAILED GUARDIANSHIP OR FAILED METAPHORS IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON? PROBLEMS WITH “IMAGINED ECO-COMMUNITIES” AND OTHER METAPHORS AND MODELS FOR THE AMAZON PEASANTRIES Richard Pace This article examines the discourse on rainforest guardianship in the Brazilian Amazon with a focus on the traditional peasantries. After presenting examples of alleged guardianship failures from research conducted in Gurupá, Pará, I analyze the principal metaphors and models of behavior used in the popular and social science literature to interpret the actions of the Amazon peasantries (space apart; dysfunctional moral model; subversive model; guardian model; and self-interest model). I conclude by suggesting an analytic framework based on variables of time span and group size to assess the fit between metaphors, models, and behavior.
The End of the Soul: Scientific Modernity, Atheism and Anthropology in France.
Jennifer Michael Hecht. New York: Columbia University Press, 2003,
402pp. $29.50, cloth. The Saving Lie: Truth and Method in the Social
Sciences. F. G. Bailey. Philadelphia, University of
Pennsylvania Press, 2003, 232 pp. $39.95, cloth. Anthropology beyond Culture. Richard
G. Fox and Barbara J. King, eds. New York University Press, 2002
314pp. $68.00, cloth; $22.50, paper. Evolutionism in Cultural Anthropology: A Critical
History. Robert L. Carneiro. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2003,
336pp., bibliographical references, index. $36.00, paper. The Anthropology of Love and Anger: The Aesthetics of Conviviality in Native Amazonia. Joanna Overing and Alan Passes,
eds. New York: Routledge, 2000, 305 pp. $85.00, cloth; $27.95, paper. Witchcraft and Welfare: Spiritual Capital and the Business of Magic in Modern Puerto Rico. Raquel Romberg.
Austin: University of Texas Press, 2003, 315 pp. $50.00 cloth; $24.95,
paper. Visions of a Huichol Shaman. Peter
T. Furst. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of
Archaeology and Anthropology Publications, 2003, 120 pp., 68 color
illustrations. $29.95, cloth. Maya Medicine: Traditional Healing
in Yucatán. Marianna Appel Kunow. Albuquerque: University of
New Mexico Press, 2003, 160 pp. $29.95, paper. Banners of Belonging: The Politics of Indigenous Identity in Bolivia and Guatemala.
Staffan Löfving and Charlotta Widmark, eds. Trädgårdatan,
Sweden: ULRiCA, 2002, 144 pp. $22.50, paper. I Am My Language: Discourses of Women and Children in the Borderlands. Norma González. Tuscon:
University of Arizona Press, 2001, 220 pp. $33.00, cloth. Real Indians: Identity and the Survival of Native
America. Eva Marie Garroutte. Richmond: The University of
California Press, 2003, 250 pp., 8 illustrations. $50.00, cloth; $19.95,
paper. Haida Syntax. John Enrico. Lincoln:
University of Nebraska Press, 2003, 668 pp. and 738 pp. $200.00 cloth. Material Culture and Sacred Landscape: The Anthropology of Siberian
Khanty.
Peter Jordan. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, 2003, 308 pp. $80.00,
cloth; $29.95, paper. Private
Life under Socialism: Love, Intimacy, and Family Change in a Chinese Village. Yan Yunxiang.
Stanford CA: Stanford University Press, 2003, 320 pp., 21 illustrations.
$55.00, cloth; $19.95, paper. Gods
and Ancestors: Society and Religion among the Forest Tribes of Madagascar.
Jørgen Ruud. Portland, OR: International Specialized Book Services,
2002, 240 pp., $40.00, paper. The
Underneath of Things: Violence, History, and the Everyday in Sierra Leone. Mariane C. Ferme.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001, 299 pp., 10 illustrations.
$60.00, cloth; $24.95, paper. Death’s Acre: Inside the Legendary Forensic Lab, the
Body Farm, Where the Dead Do Tell Tales.
Bill Bass and Jon Jefferson. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 2003, 304 pp.
$24.95, cloth. Sand, Stones, and Bones: The Archaeology of Death in
the Wadi Tanezzuft Valley (5000-2000 BP). Savino di Lernia and
Giorgio Manzi, eds. Fireenze: All'intsegna del Giglio, 2002, 354 pp.
€60.00, paper. African Historical Archaeologies. Andrew M. Reid
and Paul J. Lane, eds. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers,
2004, 408 pp. $165.00 cloth; $77.00, paper. King Arthur: The Truth behind the Legend.
Rodney Castleden. New York, Routledge Publishing, 2003, 265 pp.
$19.95, paper. Medieval Archaeology: Understanding Traditions and
Contemporary Approaches. Christopher Gerrard. New York:
Routledge Press, 2003, 302 pp. $27.95, paper. The Archaeology of People: Dimensions of Neolithic Life.
Alasdair Whittle. New York, Routledge Publishing, 2003, 199 pp.
$29.95, paper. Arte Paleolítico en la Región Cantábrica.
César González Sainz, Roberto Cacho, and Takeo Fukazawa. Santander,
Spain: Universidad de Cantabria and Gobierno de Cantabria, 2003, 199 pp.
+DVD ROM. No price given, paper. Las Cuevas del Desfiladero: Arte Rupestre Paleolítico
en el Valle del Río Carranza (Cantabria-Vizcaya). César González
Sainz and Carmen San Miguel. Santander, Spain: Universidad de
Cantabria and Gobierno de Cantabria, 2001, 225 pp. No price given, paper. La Cueva de Covalanas: El Grafismo Rupestre y la
Definición de Territorios Gráficos en el Paleolítico Cantábrico.
Marcos García Diez and Joaquín Eguizabal. Santander, Spain: Gobierno
de Cantabria, 2003, 126 pp. No price given, paper. Cladistics and Archaeology. Michael J. O’Brien
and R. Lee Lyman with contributions by Daniel S. Glover and John Darwent.
Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2003, 288 pp., 93 illustrations.
$35.00, cloth. El Arte Prehistórico desde los Inicios del Siglo XXI: Primer Symposium Internacional de Arte Prehistórico de Ribadesella. Rodrigo de Balbín and Primitiva Bueno, eds. Ribadesella, Spain: Asociaci ón Cultural de Amigos de Ribadesella, 2003, 526 pp. €40.00, paper.Reviewed by Lawrence Guy Straus. New Perspectives on Site Function and Scale of Cerro de
Trincheras, Sonora, Mexico: The 1991 Surface Survey. Maria
O’Donovan. Tuscon: University of Arizona Press, 2002, 150 pp., 33
illustrations. $17.95, cloth. Maya Palaces and Elite Residences: An Interdisciplinary
Approach. Jessica Joyce Christie, ed. Austin: University of
Texas Press, 2003, 392 pp. $50.00, cloth. Design Analysis of Chihuahuan Polychrome Jars from
North American Museum Collections. Mitch J. Hendrickson.
Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, International Studies 1125, 2003,
vii + 107 pp. £27.00. Centuries of Decline during the Hohokam Classic Period
at Pueblo Grande. David R. Abbott, ed. Tuscon: University of
Arizona Press, 2003, 265 pp., 31 illustrations. $47.50, cloth. Indians of Central and South Florida, 1513–1763.
John H. Hann. Gainesville, University of Florida Press, 2003, 256 pp.
$39.95, cloth. Pioneer in Space and Time: John Mann Goggin and the
Development of Florida Archaeology. Brent Richards Weisman.
Gainesville, University of Florida Press, 2002, 208 pp., 20
black-and-white photographs, 2 tables, 1 map. $49.95, cloth. An Archaeological Study of Rural Capitalism and
Material Life: The Gibbs Farmstead in Southern Appalachia, 1790–1920.
Mark D. Groover. New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003, 320
pp. $130.00, cloth; $60.00, paper.
|
||||||||||||||||
| |
|