Thematic And Chronological Ties Between The Borgia And Madrid Codices Based On Records Of Agricultural Pests In
The Planting Almanacs
Victoria R. Bricker and Susan Milbrath
Inequality At Late Roman Baldock, Uk The Impact Of Social Factors On Health And Diet
Rebecca Griffin and Martin Pitts
“Low Sex” Cultures, Religious Moral Traditions, And Evolutionary Theory Cultural Mechanisms For Influencing Male Sexual Behavior
Kathryn Coe and Craig Palmer
The Ethnopragmatics Of The Akan Palace Language Of Ghana
Kofi Agyekum
Book Reviews
High-Quality, Nonprofit, Scholarly Publishing Is Not Free: Notes From The Editor
Thematic And Chronological Ties Between The Borgia And Madrid Codices Based On Records Of Agricultural Pests In The Planting Almanacs
Victoria R. Bricker
Tulane University and University of Florida
Susan Milbrath
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida
KEY WORDS: Maya, Central Mexico, Codex Borgia, Madrid Codex, Calendars, Agricultural pests
Abstract: Despite differences in layout, the Lowland Maya planting almanacs on pages 24–31 of the Madrid Codex are structurally and iconographically similar to the almanacs on pages 27–28 of the Codex Borgia from highland Central Mexico. We compare the agricultural pests pictured in the two groups of almanacs, consider the seasonal variation in their feeding habits, relate them to the tonalpohualli/ tzolkin dates mentioned in the almanacs, and conclude that the temporal focus of the Madrid almanacs overlaps the years covered by the Borgia almanacs, which date to the fifteenth century (specifically 1467–1472, and more generally 1467–1519). The close thematic and chronological ties between the two sets of almanacs suggest that scribes in the two regions were communicating with each other and represent another facet of the spread of the Mixteca-Puebla tradition into the Maya area in Late Postclassic times.
Inequality At Late Roman Baldock, Uk The Impact Of Social Factors On Health And Diet
Rebecca Griffin
School of Dental Sciences, Pembroke Place, University of Liverpool
Martin Pitts
Department of Classics and Ancient History, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
Richard Smith and Alan Brook
School of Dental Sciences, Pembroke Place, University of Liverpool
KEY WORDS: Health, Inequality, Funerary archaeology, Late Roman Britain, Diet, Quantitative analysis
Abstract: This study explores the impact of social inequality through a study of health and diet involving the analysis of skeletal remains and grave furnishings from the Roman period cemetery of Baldock, UK. Analysis revealed correlations between the presence of different types of grave furnishing with aspects of childhood health, and consistent differences in diet between individuals with different quantities and types of furnishings. These findings suggest that inequality may have had a considerable impact upon both health and diet at Baldock. The further observation of patterns in diet by sex and in grave furnishings by sex and age-at- death suggests that these factors may have played an important role in determining access to resources within the community at Baldock.
“Low Sex” Cultures, Religious Moral Traditions, And Evolutionary Theory Cultural Mechanisms For Influencing Male Sexual Behavior
Kathryn Coe
Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Indiana University- Purdue University Indianapolis
Craig Palmer
University of Missouri-Columbia
KEY WORDS: Cultural traditions, Ethics, Ethnographic evidence, Sexual behavior, Modern Darwinian theory, Religion
Abstract: In 1976, Heider claimed that Dani males had a low sex drive, and in 1971, Altschuler argued that Cayapa/Chachi males are among the world’s most sexually repressed people. We use these ethnographies to point out inconsistencies in their arguments and ask, since there is no basis for thinking these males were uninterested in sex, why such talk would be common in these and other social groups. We resurrect Malinowski’s claim that sex can be a disruptive force and build the argument that religious moral systems can shape the expression of sexual behavior, that restrained sexual behavior has social effects, and that coercion is not inevitably involved.
The Ethnopragmatics Of The Akan Palace Language Of Ghana
Kofi Agyekum
Department of Linguistics, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
KEY WORDS: Formality, Register, Linguistic routines, Politeness, Honorifics, Verbal taboos, Akan palace language, Ghana
Abstract: This paper deals with formal language at the chiefly palaces of the Akan people of Ghana. The Akan language is spoken in six regions in the southern parts of Ghana. These areas are inhabited by native Akans and by Ghanaian immigrants representing other ethnic groups. The approaches used in this study are formality (Irvine 2001) and register, as outlined by Agha (2007). The paper looks at Akan palace language from the point of view of the norms and values of Akan culture and shows the rich use of language in sociocultural communicative events at the Akan palace. I focus on the following questions: How different is royal oratory from ordinary language? What is the place of formality and politeness in palace language? How do children acquire competence in palace language? What is required of participants? What are the functions of palace language? What is the current state of the palace language? And, have there been any dramatic changes in the palace language from urbanization, modernization, and the influence of Western cultures and religion?
Book Reviews
Michael Herzfeld: Power and Magic in Italy, by Thomas Hauschild
Giovanni Bennardo: On the Edge of the Global: Modern Anxieties in a Pacific Island Nation, by Niko Besnier
Susanna Trnka: Tahiti beyond the Postcard: Power, Place, and Everyday Life, by Miriam Kahn
Danny Hoffman: Life within Limits: Well-being in a World of Want, by Michael Jackson
Jenny Chio: Tourism and Glocalization: Perspectives on East Asian Societies, Min Han and Nelson Graburn, eds.
600 Robert Lawless: Take Me to My Paradise: Tourism and Nationalism in the British Virgin Islands, by Colleen Ballerino Cohen
J. R. Miller: Treaty No. 9: Making the Agreement to Share the Land in Far Northern Ontario in 1905, by John S. Long
Bruce Granville Miller: Recognition Odysseys: Indigeneity, Race, and Federal Tribal Recognition Policy in Three Louisiana Indian Communities, by Brian Klopotek.
Susan M. Deeds: The War for Mexico’s West: Indians and Spaniards in New Galicia, 1524–1550, by Ida Altman
Peter C. Haney: An Impossible Living in a Transborder World: Culture, Confianza, and Economy of Mexican Origin Populations, by Carlos Vélez-Ibáñez
Douglas William Hume: Environmental Social Sciences: Methods and Research Design, Ismael Vaccaro, Eric Alden Smith, and Shankar Aswani, eds.
Hildi Hendrickson: Nomadic Felts, by Stephanie Bunn
Richard O. Clemmer: The Work of Sovereignty: Tribal Labor Relations and Self-Determination at the Navajo Nation, by David Kamper
Andrew Bevan: Globalizations and the Ancient World, by Justin Jennings
Amber VanDerwarker: Becoming Villagers: Comparing Early Village Societies, Matthew S. Bandy and Jake R. Fox, eds.
Richard W. Jefferies: The Eastern Archaic, Historicized, by Kenneth E. Sassaman
Brian Fagan: The Archaeology of the Gravel Terraces of the Upper and Middle
Thames: Early Prehistory to 1500 BC, by Anthony Morigi, Danielle Schreve, Mark White, Gill Hey, Paul Garwood, Mark Robinson, Alistair Barclay, and Philippa Bradley
Madonna L. Moss: Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology as Historical Process, Kenneth E. Sassaman and Donald H. Holly, Jr., eds.
Emily Lena Jones: Anthropological Approaches to Zooarchaeology: Colonialism,
Complexity, and Animal Transformations, D. Campana, P. Crabtree, S. D. deFrance, J. Lev-Tov, and A. M. Choyke, eds.
Olivia C. Navarro-Farr: The Maya World of Communicating Objects: Quadripartite Crosses, Trees, and Stones, by Miguel Angel Astor-Aguilera
Robert P. Powers: Pueblo Peoples on the Pajarito Plateau: Archaeology and Efficiency, by David E. Stuart
Theodore R. Frisbie: The Casamero Community in the Red Mesa Valley of Northwestern New Mexico, Frances Joan Mathien, compiler and ed.
High-Quality, Nonprofit, Scholarly Publishing Is Not Free: Notes From The Editor
The Journal of Anthropological Research is a nonprofit, independent bulletin offered as a vehicle for the publication of original research and book reviews in all subfields of anthropology. Though based in the North American Southwest and published by the University of New Mexico since its founding in 1945, SWJA/JAR has authors and subscribers from all over the world. Associated with no professional society, owned by no corporation, JAR must make enough money to survive. Although assisted by UNM’s College of Arts & Sciences, JAR has to cover most of its costs through subscriptions and copyright fees, as well as royalties paid by JSTOR and other electronic users. Each author receives a free copy of the issue containing her/his article, but we must charge for reprints and pdf versions for the authors’ use to recover costs. As a nonprofit, JAR keeps its rates to a minimum and is extraordinarily inexpensive, especially for its institutional subscriptions and particularly relative to anthropological journals owned by the “big three” international, for-profit publishers. With their very costly subscription bundling prices and “deep pockets,” some of these companies may be able to give digital versions to their authors gratis, but they tightly control the distribution of their electronic content, and library subscribers pay dearly. The corporate publishers’ profits come at the expense of academic authors’ and reviewers’ “free” labor. JAR does not charge page fees, a recent trend in academic publishing which strikes me as coming close to vanity publishing and may tend to favor authors with financial means, either personal or grant-derived. The JAR administration (the business manager—the only full-time employee—and I) must evaluate every request for release of electronic content (from subscribing university branches or state library consortium members, for-profit corporate bundlers and archives, university course reserves, anthologies, or others) to ensure that JAR’s financial future is protected. We make decisions almost daily that help make JAR content accessible while avoiding “opening the Pandora’s box” of free distribution of the very copyrighted material that keeps JAR alive. JAR has to pay for management of the critical peer review process as well as the procedures for soliciting and receiving book reviews, subscriptions, author and subscriber correspondence and service, and financial reporting, in addition to professional copyediting, design and composition, printing, mailing and electronic distribution costs (both in Albuquerque and in Michigan), subscription agency fees, limited advertising, the JAR Distinguished Lectures, U.S. copyright fees and administration, supplies, computers, web page design and updating, etc. Electronic distribution of content is not free; the management of IP range data, in addition to the databases for mailing the journal worldwide—with continually increasing postal rates and address stipulations—is a huge and exacting job.
All of this, on top of the quality of its peer-reviewed scholarship and its diverse, up-todate book reviews, makes JAR a bargain. In the age of the siren-song of “open access,” the tradition of real peer-reviewed, professionally edited, high-quality publication and excellent service continues to be the hallmark of JAR. It is only inexpensive because it does not pay vast numbers of employees, corporate lawyers, or stockholders. It is independent because it does not have to toe the political line of any association. It exists to support and disseminate good anthropological research worldwide. We have moved very cautiously into the worlds of electronic archiving and dissemination because we cannot put the Journal’s long-term future at risk. Your continued understanding and support of JAR is very much appreciated. The electronic content is available to subscribing institutions through the hosting service of JSTOR for all back issues, minus the dozen issues behind a moving three-year embargo wall covered by JAR’s other “e-host,” M Publishing at the University of Michigan. What is “free” is the incredible collegial service work of JAR’s peer reviewers. It is they who provide invaluable help to the authors and to me by thoughtfully recommending how manuscripts can be improved and (hopefully) eventually made acceptable for publication. I never fail to be impressed by the length and level of detail of many manuscript reviews. Authors ignore these critiques and suggestions at their peril!
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My words of advice to potential authors continue to be: