This program contains practices designed and implemented to protect University staff, employees, students, visitors, and contractors from uncontrolled fires. It is also designed to protect the property and assets of the University.

This program is applicable to all university faculty, staff, students, visitors, and contractors that become aware of a potential fire hazard as defined below. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards are the primary sources used in development of this program. Any area not specifically covered in this policy may be referenced in one of the above standards and will apply as necessary.

Area of Refuge - Any area, room or section of a building, which by virtue of its construction will provide a safe area for persons to enter during a fire situation until rescue is made.

Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) - The federal, state, or department having statutory authority. For the purposes of this policy, the AHJ is the New Mexico State Fire Marshal.

Approved - A term used to reference that a procedure, product or equipment has met the safety requirements of a recognized local, state, federal or national safety standard.

Automatic - Refers to equipment that will function without human intervention. Examples are automatic detection or suppression systems, automatic alarms, and emergency shut down devices.

Combustible Material - This term is used for solid materials. Combustible means that the material is capable of igniting and burning.

Combustible Liquid - A term used for liquids with a flash point of 100° Fahrenheit or above that which are capable of ignition and require a higher degree of heat to produce a fire.

Exit - This refers to the portion of a means of egress that is separated from all other spaces of the building to provide a protected way of travel to the exit discharge.

Exit Discharge - That portion of a means of egress between the termination of an exit and a public way.

Emergency Device - This term is used to generalize any type of emergency safety device or equipment. This term will include such items as fire alarm pull stations, fire extinguishers, fire alarms, smoke detectors, fire hydrants, fire department connections, etc.

Fire Compartment - A space within a building, that is enclosed by fire barriers on all sides, including the ceiling and floor which will withstand the passage of fire and/or smoke for a limited time.

Flammable Liquid - This term is used for liquids that have a flash point of less than 100° Fahrenheit which will ignite at a low temperature and continue to burn.

Hazardous Products/Area - A flammable, combustible, toxic, corrosive, noxious, heat-producing product or appliance which could cause ill affects to humans if released in an uncontrolled amount or manner. A hazardous area is any room or structure in which these products are processed, stored or used.

Means of Egress - This is a term used to define the direction or way a person would evacuate a building in an emergency.

Occupant Load - This is the maximum number of people which can occupy any given space with sufficient room to move about, complete a function, and/ or safely evacuate the building.

Self-closing - This indicates a device which will ensure that a door or required enclosure will, when opened, return to the closed and latched position without human intervention.

Surge Protector - An approved multi-plug extension cord device, which incorporates an on/off switch, built-in fuse, and is Underwriter’s Laboratory (UL) or Factory Mutual (FM) tested.

Due to the danger of injury and/or death from fire or fire-related emergencies, staff, faculty, students, and contractors shall comply with this program. Any hazardous or emergency situation must be reported to Safety, Health and Environmental Affairs (SHEA). Failure to do so could result in the possible loss of life and/or property. Persons who knowingly and/or willingly violate the provisions of this program may be subject to disciplinary action up to and including discharge. UNM Facility Planning, Physical Plant Department and SHEA will work together to prioritize and fund items and hazardous situations covered in this program.

UNM Administration - To provide UNM, through support and funding, with a safety program which will provide staff, faculty, employees, students, and visitors the guidelines, programs, and policies which will ensure their safety.

Deans, Directors and Department Chairs - Responsible for implementing safety programs in areas under their control, and providing assistance to SHEA in conducting safety inspections, correcting hazards and concerns, and implementing fire prevention and evacuation policies.

Safety, Health and Environmental Affairs (SHEA) - Responsible for the development, coordination, implementation and training of safety programs. SHEA is responsible for providing assistance to all UNM staff, faculty, and employees in correction of safety hazards and concerns.

Managers, Supervisors - Responsible for ensuring that their areas of responsibility are compliant with approved fire safety practices, receive the required training, and coordinate code violation corrections with SHEA.

Maintenance Personnel - Responsible for ensuring the proper maintenance, operation, and documentation of all emergency and safety devices under their control.

Faculty, Staff, Students - Shall become aware of and comply with fire safety programs, attend required training, and report any suspected safety hazard to SHEA.

Students - Although not specifically required to be trained in the same manner as faculty and staff, students are urged to become familiar with the safety policies of UNM and should report any potential safety hazards to SHEA.

Contractors - Are responsible for compliance with local, state and federal safety standards. Contractors have the responsibility to ensure that their work does not create fire or other safety hazards for UNM faculty, staff, or students.

The following requirements are the minimum acceptable practices for UNM. Occasions may arise where more stringent standards may need to be imposed. Exceptions must be approved by SHEA. Where a UNM organization has additional certification requirements for safety, those will apply.

1. General Fire Safety - Fire safety is a matter of common sense, education and training. By following the guidelines and requirements of this program, we can prevent most of the situations that cause fires to start.

1. UNM is under the jurisdiction of the New Mexico State Fire Marshals (SFM) office. The State of New Mexico has adopted the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards. SHEA acts as a consultant for the University and liaison to the SFM. The SFM has the final authority in all matters dealing with fire safety at UNM.
2. Fire Safety inspections are primarily conducted by SHEA, who will have the authority to enter any UNM owned property to conduct an inspection or investigation. SHEA will provide notification outlining hazards noted with required and/or recommended corrective actions. SHEA does not issue safety compliance citations. Compliance citations are issued by the SFM. The City of Albuquerque Fire Marshals (CFM) Office may enter a UNM building at the request of SHEA to assist in conducting an inspection, but may not issue a notice or citation.
3. Contractors hired by any UNM department are required to comply with the policies of this institution where applicable. Exceptions are if the contractor has its own approved safety program that equals or exceeds UNM policy. All contractors will ensure that their employees are aware of this safety policy, and the fire reporting and evacuation procedures of the facility in which they are working. In all cases, the more restrictive code or standard shall apply.
4. Any special event that occurs on UNM property must be coordinated with SHEA. SHEA will assist with an evaluation, and if necessary, make recommendations on any hazards that the event may present. SHEA will also assist in coordination with emergency response agencies if needed.

1. Training - The best way to avoid a fire is to be knowledgeable of fire hazards and how to prevent them. SHEA will provide training to any UNM employees, staff or faculty upon request.

1. Training Frequencies - Each UNM employee, faculty and staff member should:

• Attend initial orientation within fifteen (15) days of start of work.
• Receive a briefing from their supervisor on the specific hazards of the work area within 30 days of start of work.
• Receive training on a quarterly, semi-annual or annual basis. The frequency will be determined by SHEA in coordination with the department.

1. Orientation

• This training will include an overview of the UNM safety programs, responsibilities of employees, services provided by SHEA, and initial fire extinguisher training (provided through the Basic Annual Safety Training module).
• Each supervisor must brief new employees on safety programs, fire reporting, evacuation plans and extinguisher locations specific to their work area.

1. Training Subjects - The following is a sampling of the types of training required for all staff, faculty and employees. Specific training requirements may be added depending on the operation of the work area.

• Fire drills. Required on an annual basis.
• Fire extinguisher training. Required on an annual basis (as part of the Basic Annual Safety Training module).
• Fire safety training. Frequencies range from monthly to annually.
• Fire Reporting and Evacuation Training. This is site specific, meaning that various buildings will have different reporting and evacuation procedures. Required on an annual basis.
• Emergency Response Training. Training specific to those individuals designated to respond to certain types of emergencies to perform specialized functions.

1. Smoking Policy – Smoking-related fires are still the most common of all fires in America. Smoking is permitted only in private residences, in certain UNM facilities, in accordance with the current University Business Policies and Procedure Manual, #2250, "Smoking on University Property," and the following:

1. Where smoking is permitted in facilities:

• An adequate number of suitable ashtrays or receptacles must be provided. Smoking material must be disposed of only in an approved non-combustible ashtray or receptacle.
• All smoking material will be removed from the building daily or more often as needed.
• Smoking material may be disposed of in trash cans only when the material has been doused in water and the responsible individual has ensured that all material has been cooled.
• Adequate ventilation will be provided in the smoking area.
• Smoking areas should not be in a room equipped with smoke detectors. Smoke detectors must not be de-activated or relocated to accommodate the smoking area.

1. Outdoor areas where smoking is not permitted:

• Smoking is not permitted in areas where hazardous materials are used or stored.
• Smoking is not permitted within 50 feet of flammable storage tanks or fuel dispensers.
• Where appropriate NO SMOKING signs are posted.

1. Electrical Safety - Work on electrical wiring or electrical equipment is permitted only under the oversight of a licensed electrician. UNM personnel must comply with the safe use guidelines of this program.

1. Extension Cords, of proper size according to their use, will be permitted when used:

• for temporary use only, not to exceed 90 days;
• on non-heat producing devices (i.e. radios, computers, answering machines etc.);
• under specific and written authorization from SHEA (for longer term use);
• in one continuous length. Cords may not be connected or spliced together.
• as temporary wiring for holiday displays, artwork or vendors at special events provided they meet the requirements above.
• Multi-plug extension cords, incorporating a surge protector and circuit breaker are recommended.

1. Extension Cords will not be permitted when used:

• as permanent wiring.
• for use on heat producing or high voltage devices such as heaters, coffee pots, high wattage lamps, refrigerators, microwave ovens, etc.
• when the use will cause a tripping hazard for normal traffic or emergency evacuation.
• when fire barriers or fire rated walls are breached to run the wiring, unless the hole is properly fire-stopped and the wire properly enclosed in the appropriate conduit.
• when the cord shows signs of wear, defects, bulging, exposed wire or other damage.
• in corrosive areas or near any substance which would deteriorate the cord.

1. Electrical Panels - Electrical panels are required to be in a location where a person has easy access to turn off the power to a piece of equipment or area in an emergency. Some security may be required to prohibit the inadvertent shut down of critical equipment. It must be recognized, however, that cutting power to an electrical fire is often the best action to take in a fire emergency.

• be accessible to the occupants in an emergency.
• be unobstructed for 36" in front of and in all directions around the panel for access.
• have the panel cover and panel door securely in place and closed.
• have all breakers and main switches clearly marked as to the equipment/area they control.
• be identifiable as an electrical panel. Do not cover or paint electrical panels to match the wall, etc.

• be locked (except when approved by SHEA).
• have the breakers tapped or otherwise secured in the on position (except when approved by SHEA).
• have any work performed on the panel unless the work is approved and monitored by a licensed electrician.

1. Electrical Outlets/Switches - It is possible that an overload on the electrical system can cause an outlet to spark. The safety guidelines listed below must be followed.

• have the cover plate securely fastened to the outlet box.
• be replaced when broken.
• have an approved cover. Although metal is permitted by the National Electric Code, it is not recommended by SHEA.
• be protected by a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) when located within six (6) feet of a water source.
• It is recommended that combustible items such as trashcans, boxes of papers, etc., be kept at least two (2) feet from either side of the outlet when possible.

1. Cooking Safety - Cooking-related fires are the third most common cause of fires. Cooking can be a safe and enjoyable experience if safety requirements are followed.

1. Permitted Areas - Cooking is permitted only in areas approved by SHEA.

• Restaurant style establishments or institutional food production areas.
• Residential buildings in areas designated for cooking (i.e., kitchen).
• Employee lounges and break rooms where appliances are installed in compliance with the appropriate standard, and the area is maintained in a safe manner (i.e. stoves/ovens are turned off when not in use).

• Offices, laboratories, classrooms and storage areas.
• Sleeping areas in dormitories, fraternities and sororities.
• Automotive, industrial and manufacturing settings.

1. Special Cooking Areas - Requests for cooking in the areas mentioned above for normal or special occasions must be submitted in writing to SHEA two (2) weeks in advance of the event.
2. Safety Procedures - Where cooking is permitted, the following safety procedures must be followed.

• Stoves/ovens must have electric or gas connections installed and maintained by a qualified individual.
• Stoves/ovens when installed should have a grease filter over the stove. Where a grease filter is not installed, cooking will be limited to foods that will not produce grease-laden vapors.
• Combustible material, such as potholders, paper towels, etc., should be kept at least 18" from the stovetop and any burners.
• A dry chemical fire extinguisher shall be installed in or near the kitchen area. SHEA will determine the required locations.
• When cooking, the stove must not be left unattended for any length of time. If it is necessary to leave the room unoccupied, the stove must be turned off.
• Do not use matches to light gas stoves equipped with electric starters. If the starter is inoperative, the unit must be repaired or replaced.
• Check all burners on the stove before leaving to ensure that all units are off.

• Barbecue grills will not be permitted for use INSIDE buildings.
• Barbecue grills will not be used within 15 feet of a building when there is a door, window, air intake vent, or other similar avenue for smoke or uncontrolled flames to enter the building.
• All gas lines, valves and connections on gas grills will be periodically checked to detect leakage. If a leak is detected, the grill will be taken out of service until repaired.
• Used charcoal must be left in the grill until cold to the touch or thoroughly soaked in water before disposal.
• When using a charcoal grill, flammable charcoal lighter fluid will be used prior to lighting. DO NOT ADD LIGHTER FLUID AFTER THE CHARCOALS ARE LIT. If more charcoal is required, add pre-soaked coals.
• Do not leave a grill unattended.
• Keep combustible materials at least 15 feet from the grill.
• DO NOT use a grill within 50 feet of flammable storage areas.

• All cooking equipment will be installed in accordance with NFPA standards for the proper installation, vapor removal and fire protection of people and the equipment.
• All commercial cooking equipment in which grease-laden vapors are produced will have an automatic dry, wet chemical or equivalent system installed. Portable fire extinguishers (dry chemical type) must also be installed in or near the kitchen area.
• The equipment, hood and grease filters must be cleaned daily.
• Each hood and dry chemical system must be inspected according to NFPA standards and frequencies checked by a qualified individual.
• All kitchen/staff personnel who are subject to be in the area during operation of the equipment must be trained on the hazards involved, use of the portable and automatic dry chemical systems, fire evacuation and fire reporting procedures.
• All temperature control devices and thermostats will be inspected and certified by a qualified individual annually. Only a qualified individual will make inspections, testing, adjustments and repairs.

1. Coffee Pots – Due to their high fire risk, all coffee makers must have automatic shut-off features or be plugged into timers that will automatically shut off the unit at the end of the day. Coffee makers must be UL approved for shock hazard and fire protection under UL Standards 1082 or 197. Exception – coffee makers in Cafeterias/Institutional Kitchen areas and Coffee Shops.

1. Storage - Storage in itself does not constitute a fire hazard. The problem begins when items are stored in an improper manner, in a hazardous location, where other fire hazards are present, or where storage affects the safe evacuation of occupants.

1. General Storage - This area pertains to any room or building used for the general storage of ordinary combustibles for temporary, long-term or permanent storage.

• Combustible materials will be separated from other more hazardous materials such as flammables, corrosives, explosives, oxidizers, etc. SHEA will assist with evaluations of locations.
• Any storage area over 50 square feet must be separated by a one (1) hour fire barrier, with a fire rated and self-closing door. In some locations the area must also be protected by a fire detection and/or suppression system. SHEA is working toward meeting these criteria in cooperation with UNM Facility Planning and UNM Physical Plant Departments.
• Stored materials must be kept at least three (3) feet from any heat source.
• Aisles in any room used for storage must have a minimum two (2) foot width to allow for evacuation and for firefighters to gain access to the most remote area of the room.
• Storage must not block fire extinguishers, fire alarm pull stations, emergency or exit lighting, access to evacuation routes, the exit door, emergency equipment, or entry of emergency personnel.
• Unused materials or materials which are no longer needed should be properly disposed of through the UNM Materials Management department or PPD Custodial (whichever applies).
• Storage under stairs is not permitted unless approved by SHEA.
• Doors to storage rooms must remain closed except when entering or leaving the room.
• Smoking will not be permitted in any storage area under any conditions.

1. Flammable Storage - It is critical that flammables not only be used properly but also stored safely.

• A "Daily Use" amount of flammable liquids may be stored on open shelves. "Daily Use" refers to a small amount of consumable flammables, which is expected to be used on a repetitive nature, and the amount used would not constitute more of a hazard than other ordinary combustibles in the room.
• In any location where there is more than a total of 4 liters of flammables, these materials are required to be stored away from combustibles and must be stored in an approved "flammable storage cabinet." This cabinet must be labeled and must incorporate self-closing doors. It is recommended that all flammable liquids be stored in a "flammable storage cabinet" when not in use.
• Flammable storage must be kept at least 50 feet from open flames or other heat sources.
• Ordinary combustibles must not be stored in flammable storage cabinets.
• Oily or grease-laden rags must be kept in metal self-closing containers.
• Only metal flammable storage cabinets, meeting NFPA standards, will be used.
• Rooms used for storage must be constructed to meet the NFPA requirements for one (1) hour fire separation, ventilation, heating, electrical systems and fire detection and/or suppression.
• Flammables generally are not permitted to be stored in basements of buildings. Exceptions will be determined and authorized in writing by SHEA.

1. High Stack/In Rack or Rolling Filer Storage - This type of storage has become increasingly popular for space saving purposes for records and commodities. This also presents a different type of hazard for fire safety and fire fighting.

• It is highly recommended that non-combustible materials be used in the construction of storage racks. This is to reduce the amount of fire spread should a fire occur.
• High rack or rolling file servers, which due to their configuration and height would prevent automatic sprinkler systems from proper operation, may require "in rack" sprinklers.
• Under no circumstances will storage of materials be closer than 18" to sprinkler heads.
• Aisle widths in high rack storage which also require the use of mechanical devices such as forklifts or carts will be of sufficient width to allow personnel evacuation if a cart is in the aisle.

1. Storage of Hazardous Materials - Hazardous products may produce a substantial amount of toxic vapors as well as react with a fire to create a fast moving or explosive situation. Storage of such materials must be strictly controlled.

• Proper storage and handling of these materials will be determined by SHEA.
• Hazardous materials will not be stored within 50 feet of any open flame or heat source.
• Hazardous materials will not obstruct evacuation routes or be stored under stairs.
• Smoking is not permitted within 50 feet of hazardous materials storage.
• Hazardous materials will be stored in separate cabinets or rooms according to their reactive properties.
• Additional information and requirements are contained in SHEA Program 4.05, Chemical Storage Program.

1. Fire Detection, Alarms and Suppression Systems - The requirement to maintain a working fire detection and alarm system is the responsibility of the UNM Telecommunications Alarm shop. UNM Facility Planning and SHEA will review the requirements of type and location for fire detection/suppression and alarm systems. It is the occupants’ responsibility to be aware of the type of system in the building and how to react to an alarm.

1. Tampering - Installed systems will not be tampered with in any way. Tampering is considered a criminal act by NFPA standards. Tampering is considered to be:

• Any intentional or malicious activation of a system when there is no emergency.
• The intentional deactivation of a system either by disconnecting, breaking or removing devices, wiring, etc.
• Falsely reporting the activation of a system.

1. Obstructing - No part of the system may be obstructed at any time. Obstruction includes:

• Fire alarm pull stations. There must be a two (2) feet clearance in all directions.
• Fire alarm bells/horns/strobes may not be visually blocked or muffled.
• Smoke/heat/beam detectors may not be covered unless specifically authorized by SHEA during renovations or special operations.
• Storage may not come within 18" of sprinkler heads.
• Renovations that affect the operation of any system must be approved by SHEA.
• Nothing may be hung from or wrapped around any system device or piping.
• Fire department connections must not be obstructed at any time.

1. False Alarm - Any operation that would activate the system must be coordinated with SHEA and the UNM Telecommunications Alarm shop. Such operations include but are not restricted to:

• Welding or other heat producing work around sprinklers and/or heat detectors.
• Sanding or other work around smoke detectors which would create a dust.
• Use of smoke producing devices that could set off smoke detectors.
• Steam cleaning or spray painting that could set off detectors.
• Use of open flames near any heat or smoke-sensing device.

1. Testing - Only authorized UNM Telecommunications Alarm shop personnel, or their designated contractor, may conduct testing, maintenance or repair of systems. The department must not call contractors for work until coordinating with SHEA.

1. Fire Evacuation Plan

Refer to SHEA Program 2.09 for information on this program.

2. Open Burning - Open burning is defined as any open/exposed flame whether indoors or outdoors which could cause a potential fire hazard (i.e. bonfires, campfires, leaf burning, art work involving flames, pyrotechnics of any kind, etc.).

1. Approvals - Open burning on any UNM property must be approved in writing by SHEA.
2. Open Burning Indoors - Open burning indoors (particularly when such burning will activate any type fire alarm detection/suppression system) is normally prohibited. Special exceptions may be authorized under the following conditions:

• A written request is sent to SHEA two (2) weeks in advance of the event or operation.
• The proposed burning will not endanger the occupants or facility.
• The proposed burn location will not block any emergency device or access to any exit.
• The event coordinator will be responsible for providing a "Fire Watch" of the entire building during the time of the open burning, if any safety system must be shut down.
• The event coordinator must contact SHEA, Campus Police, and the occupants of the building 24 hours in advance of the event or operation for final coordination.
• The event coordinator will be responsible for providing Fire Guards in the area of the open burn.
• The event coordinator will be responsible for complete extinguishment and removal of all materials.
• A 5-30 minute watch will be made (as determined by SHEA) of the area to ensure there is no residual heat left in the material burned.

1. Candles - Candles are approved for use inside buildings ONLY under the following conditions:

• Candles must be in a "tip proof" container which will resist tipping over.
• The container must be non-combustible (normally glass or metal).
• The container, if tipped, must be capable of containing the entire candle, dripping wax, and any convected heat within the container.
• The candle may not be used within three (3) feet of combustible materials. The exception is on table displays where the candle is in an approved container one (1) foot from combustibles and supervised.
• A person must be in attendance where candles are used whenever they are lit.
• All candles must be extinguished at the end of the event.
• Candles must not be used in close proximity to heat or smoke detectors or sprinkler heads in such a way that the heat or smoke may activate the device.
• NOTE: The use of candles in University-owned residence areas (i.e., residence halls, dormitories, fraternity houses and sorority houses) is prohibited unless written authorization is given by SHEA.

1. Open Burning Outdoors - Open burning outdoors may be authorized under the following conditions:

• A written request is sent to SHEA two (2) weeks in advance of the event or operation.
• The proposed burning will not endanger any adjacent building, vehicles or vegetation.
• The burn location will not block access for emergency vehicles to any building, street or emergency device.
• Open flame fires will not be within 50 feet of any flammable storage area (the distance may be increased according to the size of the event), and 25 feet of any building, vehicle or vegetation.
• The event coordinator is responsible for providing a "Fire Guard" as required by SHEA.
• The event coordinator will contact SHEA, Campus Police, and occupants of adjacent buildings 24 hours in advance of the event or operation for final coordination.
• The event coordinator of the open burning will be responsible for complete extinguishment and removal of all materials used in the open burning.
• A 5-30 minute watch will be made (as determined by SHEA) to ensure there is no residual heat left in the material.

1. Pyrotechnics - Pyrotechnics displays will be coordinated through SHEA and authorized under the following conditions:

• A written request is sent to SHEA two (2) weeks in advance of the event.
• The individual handling the pyrotechnics must be a licensed handler of the material to be used and shall be responsible for the proper storage, handling, transportation, use and disposal of the materials, and must obtain a permit from the State Fire Marshal.
• The individual handling the pyrotechnics must submit a written proposal to SHEA two (2) weeks in advance of the event for review. The proposal must include the type of display, type and amount of materials to be used, current certification by a recognized agency, proof of insurance, and method of transportation and storage.
• The event coordinator must provide a Fire Guard (as determined by SHEA) for the length of time that the material is handled.
• Requirements noted in outdoor/indoor sections may also apply.
• Further detailed requirements will be made available through coordination with SHEA.

1. Welding Safety Program

Refer to SHEA Program 2.25 for requirements.

2. Parking, Fire Lanes and Emergency Access - In the event of a fire emergency, it is critical that emergency responders be able to access the building or location of the emergency. Fire lanes and emergency access routes have been provided for this purpose.

1. Fire Lanes - Fire lanes (normally marked in red on the curb) must not be blocked at any time. This includes temporary parking for the purpose of "Just dropping something off".
2. Parking - Vehicles must not park on malls, or in front of any facility in such a way that it will prevent emergency responders from reaching the building. Parking is prohibited under any building overhang, raised pedestrian walkway, or inside any building (excluding parking garages) not protected by an automatic sprinkler system and/or if it will obstruct emergency responder access to the building.
3. Emergency Access - Fire hydrants, fire department connections or other emergency equipment must not be obstructed at any time. Parking is prohibited within 15 feet of a fire hydrant or fire department connection.
4. Emergency Vehicle Response - All vehicles will, when an emergency vehicle approaches from any direction, immediately pull over to the right side of the road to allow the vehicle to pass.

1. Fire/Smoke Rated Doors - Fire and smoke rated doors are equipped with a self-closing device and are installed to keep fire from spreading throughout a building.

• Fire/smoke rated doors will not be blocked open.
• The self-closing devices may not be disconnected or rendered inoperable.
• For special reasons that the door must be held open for movement of furniture equipment or other large size or number of items, the person responsible for the move will provide an individual at the door to ensure the door is not left open if the building is evacuated.
• "Door chocks" or "foot stops" may not be installed on any fire rated door. Furniture, appliances, etc. may not be used to block the door open.
• Doors that need to be left open for high traffic areas or for visual security may be authorized by SHEA. If authorized, the door will require an automatic magnetic release device installed which will release the door when any emergency alarm device is activated.
• Obstructions that will prohibit fire/smoke rated doors from closing and latching without human intervention are not permitted.

1. Corridors, Egress Routes, Exit Doors. In an emergency, one of the most important requirements is to ensure that all occupants can leave the building safely. To accommodate this, corridors, hallways and exits are designed and constructed to allow people to leave the building in the safest and quickest method possible.

1. Obstructions

• No corridor, aisleway or component of a means of egress may be obstructed.
• Furniture in lobbies must not obstruct the minimum width of egress, and must be arranged so there is a direct path through the lobby to the exit.
• Wires, cables or extension cords may not be laid across corridors, aisles or pathways.
• Exit doors must remain unlocked during hours in which the building is occupied. All special locking devices must be approved by SHEA.

1. Minimum Widths

• Minimum widths (which must be increased accordingly with the number of occupants) range from 18" between desks to 44" for corridors to several feet wide for buildings with large crowds.
• Furniture, art work, wall hangings, statues, etc., which protrude from the walls may not obstruct the minimum width nor present a tripping or other safety hazard.
• Minimum aisle widths must be maintained at all times.

1. Protrusions

• Ceiling height. Minimum ceiling height in exit passageways is 7’6". Lights, decorations, signs or any other item hung from the ceiling may not be lower than 6’8".
• Wires or cables hung from the ceiling must not present a safety hazard such as snagging equipment being transported through the corridor.

1. Items not permitted in corridors are:

• Flammable storage cabinets of any size.
• Compressed gas bottles of any size.
• Carts, cabinets, shelves or other items on which combustibles or flammables are likely to be stored.
• Chemicals, munitions, pyrotechnics or any other hazardous material.
• Any item that will impede on the normal or emergency flow of traffic or will obstruct any emergency device.
• Portable heaters, coffee pots, food warmers, or other devices that may present a hazard.
• Unprotected high voltage, electrical or gas powered equipment of any kind.

1. Fire Extinguishers - The number of recorded disastrous fires has been reduced over the years due to the increased awareness and knowledge of, and the use of, fire extinguishers. A fire extinguisher, used properly on a fire at its earliest stage, could lessen the chance of injury to people and damage to property.

1. Responsibility - SHEA is responsible for the installation, tracking and maintenance of fire extinguishers in UNM-owned buildings. Extinguishers in leased property are the responsibility of the landlord. SHEA will assist UNM departments in leased facilities in coordinating with the landlord.
2. Types - The type of extinguisher made available is determined by SHEA using the following factors.

• The type of hazard (combustibles, flammables, electrical hazards, chemicals, etc.).
• The amount of combustibles and/or flammables in the area.
• The best agent to be used on the hazard(s) (i.e., water, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, halon).

1. Location - The location of the extinguisher will be determined by SHEA (in new facilities SHEA will coordinate with UNM Facility Planning).

• The extinguisher will be located at or near the exits in the normal path of travel to the exit.
• The travel distance required to reach an extinguisher (normally between 30-75 feet).
• The extinguisher will normally be clearly visible and identifiable. When this is not possible, appropriate signage will be posted directing the occupant to the location.
• The extinguisher must remain located in its designated location. Do not remove the extinguisher for use as a door stop, to cover a welding operation, for a barbecue, etc.
• The extinguisher must not be hung higher than five (5) feet from the floor

1. Inspection - Extinguishers must be inspected periodically. The building maintenance staff or designated person must check each extinguisher visually at least once per month. This check will include:

• Ensuring the extinguisher is in its designated location.
• Checking the pressure on the gauge (tamper seal on CO₂ extinguishers).
• Checking to see that the safety pin is in place and sealed.
• Checking the extinguisher for any obvious physical damage.
• Documentation that the checks were completed.

1. Maintenance - SHEA will conduct periodic maintenance and testing of all fire extinguishers. This includes:

• Annual inspection of internal parts.
• Hydrostatic testing on a periodic basis (5-12 year cycles).
• Repair of damaged extinguishers.
• Recharging of extinguishers.
• Replacement of unusable extinguishers.

1. Misuse of Extinguishers - The following will be considered tampering/vandalism.

• Discharging an extinguisher for any reason other than extinguishment of a fire.
• Relocating an extinguisher without specific approval of SHEA.
• Damaging any part of the extinguisher intentionally or accidentally through carelessness.

1. Operation of extinguishers - Proper annual training is required in this area. There are four basic steps to using an extinguisher. The acronym PASS is used.

• Pull the safety pin from the handle. It will be necessary to break the plastic seal.
• Aim the extinguisher at the base of the flame.
• Squeeze the handle all the way down to release the agent.
• Sweep the agent across the fire with a side-to-side motion. Be sure to cover the entire fire.

1. Reporting of discharged or damaged extinguishers - NEVER put an extinguisher back in its place after extinguishing a fire. If an extinguisher is discharged, even for a few seconds or if it is damaged in any way, report the extinguisher and its location to SHEA IMMEDIATELY.

1. Firefighting - There is no code, standard, policy, state law or other legal document which states that a person discovering a fire is legally bound to attempt to extinguish it. However, in most cases, when a fire is discovered, it is usually in its incipient stage and can be easily extinguished. It is highly recommended that this be considered when a fire is discovered. The following is a brief way to decide when to attempt extinguishment. The key to this is proper training.

1. Fight the fire if:

• The building occupants have already been notified to evacuate and Campus Police has been notified of the emergency.
• The fire is small enough to be extinguished with a portable extinguisher.
• You have a clear path to the exit.
• Someone knows you are attempting to extinguish the fire.
• You have been trained in the use of a fire extinguisher.

1. Do not fight the fire if:

• The fire appears to be too large to extinguish with one attempt.
• You must pass through the smoke to reach the fire.
• You must shield yourself to reach the fire.
• Your path of egress could be cut off by the fire.
• You think there may be explosive, reactive or toxic products burning.

1. Interior Finishes and Decorations. Interior decorations are a common factor in the spread of fire. Decorations used during the holiday seasons are always a large concern. It is necessary to ensure that all decorations used meet the requirements of safety and fire resistance.

1. Interior Finish - The following are requirements to consider when planning a renovation or refinish of walls, ceilings and floors.

• Authorization for new material must meet the minimum requirements of NFPA Standards. SHEA is available to assist in determining the fire rating of a material.
• Finish Materials in corridors, places of public assembly and high hazard areas will be "Class A". This is the highest protection rating dealing with the flame spread and smoke production of a product or material.
• There is no such thing as "Fire Proof".
• Offices, sleeping rooms and less hazardous areas may use a "Class B" finish.
• Material rated as "Class C" is not permitted on UNM. This material is the lowest rating in safety, and could be easily ignited and may spread rapidly.

1. Approvals - Normally, specific written approvals for holiday decorations will not be required. Written approval will be required if the decorations may interfere with any safety system or may conflict with one or more of the safety requirements in this policy.
2. Documentation - Any decoration whether purchased from a store, dealer, catalog or other business or if handmade, will require documentation acceptable to the AHJ, that the materials used meet the fire safety standards of fire resistance and safety.
3. Materials (fire resistance) - All materials used in decorations must meet the minimum requirements of NFPA 701, Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Resistant Textiles and Films. SHEA will provided the specific requirements on request. It is recommended that if in doubt, contact SHEA for consultation prior to purchasing or installing decorations. General requirements include:

• Vegetation such as hay stacks, leaves, branches, large amounts of plant cuttings, etc. will not be used in any UNM building unless approved by SHEA, and documentation of adequate fire resistance is provided in advance of using the material.
• Live Christmas trees will not be used in any UNM facility.
• Decorations must not be attached to, hung from, or obstruct any emergency device.
• Combustible decorations must not be hung from ceilings in such a way that a fire could ignite the decorations and endanger the occupants before evacuation.
• Unauthorized items found during inspections will be required to be removed.

1. Electrical - Electrical lights, decorations, and cords shall comply with the following conditions:

• Be tested and approved by a recognized testing laboratory such as Underwriters’ Laboratory (UL) or Factory Mutual (FM). The device must bear the appropriate label, sticker or tag supplied by the manufacturer.
• Do not use electrical decorations or cords on combustible vegetation, dry trees, curtains or any other combustible material which may be ignited by the heat or potential electrical short of the device.
• Extension cords used for temporary use in decorations are limited to 90 days. The cords must be one (1) length from the device to the electrical outlet.
• Multiple electrical devices may be plugged into an approved "bar outlet" which incorporates a breaker, on/off switch, is surge protected, and can reach the outlet without connection to another "surge protector" or an extension cord. This does not pertain to heat producing devices that must be plugged directly into an outlet.
• Electrical decorations must be turned off and should be unplugged at the end of the day or when the building will be unoccupied for an extended period.
• Electrical decorations or cords must not be laid or tapped across floors in such a way that they may cause a tripping hazard or interfere in any way with evacuation.
• Any electrical decoration or cord that is damaged, worn, showing signs of overheating, etc. must be taken out of service and repaired or replaced.

1. Amount of Decorations - This program does not specifically limit the use of decorations; rather, a general rule of thumb by the Life Safety Code limits combustible material to 10% of the existing wall space of an area. The amount of decorations used will be limited by the following criteria:

• Decorations must not obstruct any corridor, exit or safety device.
• Decorations must not exceed the amount of combustibles that could be contained by any existing extinguishing system or quickly brought under control with a fire extinguisher.
• In the judgment of SHEA or the AHJ, the amount of combustibles would aid in the rapid spread of fire such that it could endanger or entrap the occupants.
• The amount of decorations may affect the occupant load of the area if such decorations cover any required floor area used in the calculation of the occupant load.

1. Luminarias - Under the following conditions, luminarias are permitted for use both in the electrical and candle versions.

• Candle type luminarias will not be used indoors.
• Electric luminarias may be used according to the requirements of paragraph 16 (f) of this program.
• Candle and/or electrical luminarias are permitted outdoors.
• Candle types must be in an approved luminaria bag with at least 2" of sand (or like non-combustible material) in the bottom of the bag. The candle must be of a size that will allow adequate space between the candle and bag so as not to ignite the bag.
• Candle types will not be placed within five (5) feet of combustible material, such as leaves or paper decorations.
• An individual will be designated to supervise, control and manage the luminarias, and ensure that they are properly extinguished and properly discarded.
• Candles must be extinguished at the end of the night or event unless the area is supervised.
• Electrical luminarias must be rated for outdoor use.
• Electrical cords and extension cords will not be placed so as to cause a tripping or fire hazard (i.e., frayed or unrated cords running along a path of dry leaves).

1. Nightly Closing Checks - It is important to ensure that when you leave for the day or shift, no potential fire hazard is left behind. The following is a short list of common items that should be checked before leaving the facility.

1. Electrical

• Unplug all heat-producing devices such as coffee pots, toasters, heaters, etc.
• Turn off all electrical equipment that does not require continuous power, such as computers, radios, televisions, lab equipment, power equipment in maintenance shops, etc.
• Ensure that any equipment, which does require continuous power, does not have frayed or worn cords, combustibles near the motors, or are warm to the touch.
• Turn off all unnecessary lighting. If lighting is required for security, ensure that no combustibles are stored near or attached to the lighting.

1. Trash

• Unless the department has custodial services, ensure that all trash cans are emptied daily.
• Do not empty small office trash cans into larger containers in the building. Remove them to an approved receptacle outside the building.

1. Heaters/Fireplaces/Other Open Burning Materials

• Ensure that all floor and space heaters are unplugged as noted in section a) above. Building heaters should be kept at a reasonable level, and combustibles should not be stored within two (2) feet of the vents.
• Ensure that any candles or other such materials and holiday decorations are extinguished, turned off, or unplugged as necessary.
• Fireplaces, if provided, must be extinguished before leaving the building.

1. Cooking Equipment

• If provided, ensure that all stoves, deep fat fryers, and other heat type cooking equipment is turned off.
• If APPROVED, portable cooking equipment is provided, such as a hotplate or food warmer. Ensure it is unplugged.

1. Heaters and Fireplaces - The most common cause of fires are unattended heaters, fireplaces not being cleaned, and combustibles too close to a heat source. The following are requirements dealing with the use of portable heaters and fireplaces at UNM.

1. Authorized Use

• Portable space heaters are authorized only when there is a malfunction with the building heating system.
• The office or department requesting the use of heaters should request a letter from the Physical Plant Department that the heating system is or will be inoperative for a specified period of time.
• The letter must be made available to SHEA upon request.

1. Type of Heater - If authorized, the following guidelines must be followed:

• The heater must be UL or FM tested, incorporate a tip over switch, which will turn the heating element and fan off if the unit is knocked over.
• The heater must be in good repair and have a cord long enough to reach the electrical outlet. EXTENSION CORDS MUST NOT BE USED ON HEATERS.
• The heater must be unplugged at the end of the workday or if the building will be left unattended for an extended period.

1. Use of Heaters

• The heater must be kept three (3) feet from any combustible materials.
• The heater must not be used within 50 feet of flammable storage.
• The placement of the heater will not create a tripping or evacuation hazard.
• Fire/smoke rated doors must not be blocked open in order to better distribute heat.

1. Fireplaces - Due to their high fire risk the use of fireplaces in university facilities is highly discouraged. If authorized, the following guidelines must be followed:

• Fireplaces must be inspected each year by a competent firm, and a copy of the inspection report must be forwarded to SHEA.
• Fireplaces must be cleaned each year, before the start of the burning season, by a competent firm and proof of the cleaning must be forwarded to SHEA.
• A structural integrity test (meeting NFPA Standards) must be performed prior to the first use of a fireplace and submitted to SHEA.
• Fireplaces must have spark screens or rated glass panels in front of the firebox while the fireplace is in use.
• Chimneys must be equipped with caps and spark screens to prevent material from restricting the chimney and to prevent sparks from exiting the chimney.
• Fireplaces must be attended at all times while a fire is burning in the firebox.
• All combustible material must be kept 36" from the firebox area.
• Liquid fuel may not be used to start any fire in a fireplace.
• Ashes from the firebox must be periodically removed to prevent build-up. Ashes must be cool and have been extinguished for at least 24 hours.

19. Construction and Renovations

20. Refuse

1. Acceptable Containers

• Only UL or FM listed, non-combustible refuse containers will be used.
• Unlisted plastic, wood, woven organic materials and paper containers are not permitted.
• Containers should be limited to a size that will accept a normal day’s amount of refuse.
• Containers that accept hazardous refuse or rags that could spontaneously ignite must have a self-closing, non-combustible lid. This container will be clearly marked as to its contents.
• It is HIGHLY recommended that the containers be placed at least two (2) feet from an electrical outlet to reduce the potential of an electrical short igniting the contents of the container.

1. Segregation of Wastes

• Refuse should be separated as to its hazard. Do not discard hazardous waste or flammables with ordinary combustibles.
• Oily rags or combustibles containing flammable waste should be discarded in a separate container from ordinary combustibles.

1. Removal of Refuse

• Custodial services personnel will ensure all refuse containers are emptied.
• Where a building does not have custodial services, the occupants will be responsible for the removal of the contents on a daily basis or more often as needed.
• Refuse removed will be taken to a dumpster or other approved container. Refuse must not be stacked against the building, near any emergency devices, near flammable storage or other areas that would create a safety hazard.

21. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

1. Alarm/Detection Systems - Where required, and/or practical, audio/visual alarms will be installed.
2. Means of Egress (evacuation) - Where required, all aisle widths and corridors must, when practical meet the minimum width for emergency evacuation.
3. Emergency Refuge Area (ERA) - Where required, an ERA, with communications, must be installed/constructed.
4. Use of Emergency Equipment - Where required and practical, emergency devices must be installed or modified to be accessible.

22. Miscellaneous Requirements

1. Landscaping - Landscaping will not:

• impede on fire vehicle or emergency responder access to a building;
• obstruct access to fire hydrants, fire department connections, fire sprinkler test valves or other emergency devices;
• obstruct or cause a tripping hazard for occupants evacuating a building to a public way; or
• obstruct exits from doors, windows or other designated evacuation points from a building.

1. Breaches in Fire or Smoke-rated Barriers

• Holes in walls or smoke barriers will not be allowed unless approved by the National Fire Codes.
• Doors, windows, hatches, visual panels, etc., will not breach a fire wall or smoke barrier unless permitted by the National Fire Codes.
• Cables, cords equipment, etc., will not be placed in or run through any permitted opening in a rated fire wall or smoke barrier, such as through a door or fire damper in HVAC duct work.

1. Wood and Sheet Metal Workshops

• All wood and metal shavings produced by the work will be cleaned and removed from the building at the end of the job or the workday as appropriate.
• All shops with machinery that produces hazardous shavings or dust will have an approved collection system that will be in operation during the work.

1. Washer/Clothes Dryer Operation

• Lint catchers in clothes dryers must be emptied after each load.
• The area behind the washer and dryer must be checked periodically for lint, trash build up, and must be cleaned as necessary.
• Dryer vents must exhaust to the exterior of the building.

1. Automotive and Industrial Shops - At the end of the workday or as necessary:

• All work areas must be cleaned of oil to prevent a build up.
• All oils and flammables must be returned to their required storage cabinets/areas.
• All power equipment must be turned off or unplugged as necessary.
• All fuel valves and power to such systems must be turned off at the end of the workday.

1. Art Departments

• Flammables used in the creation of artwork must be approved in writing by SHEA through the College of Fine Arts Safety Committee.
• Electrical wiring used in art creations must meet the requirements of the National Electric Code for temporary wiring and comply with section D3 of this policy.
• All hazardous and flammable materials (paints, etc.) must be properly stored in a flammable storage cabinet or flammable storage room when not in use.
• Heating devices such as blow torches, hotplates and other such devices must be approved by SHEA through the College of Fine Arts Safety Committee.