LOGAN: LAWS OF LEARNING (Basic Processes) January 2004 AVOIDANCE CONDITIONING: Excitation Historical Contingency Independent Variables Contents Behavioral/Natural/Asocial/Emotionally-Neutral/Independent-Operation AEHC>>1:00. Classcond effects on classical avcond AC****nIC AEHC>>1:10. Classcond effects on instrumental avcond AC****nII AEHC>>1:20. Classcond effects on operant avcond AC****nIO Relevant uncoded root-abstracts Relevant(?) unabstracted-uncoded literature AEHC>>1:00. Classcond effects on classical avcond AC****nIC DAxS W/daily alternate avoid/nonavoid right/left foreleg flex Wha,GB'46e w/diff Ss, avcond interferes w/nonavoid CR - - - - - - - Wha,GB'46e FxR- Pos correl between respiratory CR and avcond - - - - - - - Kel,WN'53+ FVx- Acty CR as-f(ISI) predicts shuttle AR as-f(ISI) - - - - - - Bit,ME'65- BxW- Extn of ARc decr by unavoidable Pair(S,shock) - - - - - - - Gab,M.'67e H B- Pos transfer from classcond to avcond, incr-f(N/trials) - - Gra,DA'69e Little transfer from avcond to classcond w/same S Gra,DA'69e RXO- Pair(S,food)--S decr signalled AR - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bul,JA'70- RVe- Trace/delayed S paired w/shock incr AR - - - - - - - - - - Kam,DK'70- DA - Pair(S1,food)--S1 decr AR; Pair(S2,shock)--S2 incr AR - - - Ove,JB'71e Above diff obtained even if S1 and S2 cue same IR Ove,JB'71e R1E- Cond inhib fear (re decr Rate(ARo)) incr-f(assoc safe time) Wei,RG'71+ xxx- HR/hippocampal theta correl w/skeletal acty in avcond - - - Bla,AH'72+ MAH- Trng w/HR-decr as ARo changed HR CR from incr to decr - - - Ain,GW'74+ HVB- Initial perf on class-avcond incr-f N/prior classical trial Hel,JB'74+ Pos transfer from class-avcond to classcond Hel,JB'74+ RAJ- Strain diff in shuttle avcond related to classical antic-R Kat,RD'74+ RAJ- Pair(tone,shock) after AR-prevention, incr P(AR) - - - - - Wor,WC'75- RAe- Tail-shock > foot-shock as US for CER w/wheel-turn AR - - - Bar,HE'78+ AEHC>>1:10. Classcond effects on instrumental avcond AC****nII R1JE Pair(L/T,shock)--fail to acq ARi re L/T - - - - - - - - - - Gro,JM'62- RAE- Pair(box,cold) w/escape ER--Rapid escape when not cold - - How,TC'62- RAJ- Pretrng w/Pair(S,shock) had variable effect on avcond - - - Mul,AD'63+ RCxS W/Shuttle ARi and bar ER, acq ARi decr-f(acq of ER) - - - - Bix,VE'64+ R1JS Shuttle avcond decr-incr-f delay after Pair(S,US) B4 trng - Bru,FR'64- DDE- Diff-classcond Pair(tones,shock) w/curare--S+ facil jump AR Lea,RC'64- DxE- Diff-classcond fear after instru-avcond transfer to ARi - - Ove,JB'65+ RAES Diff-classcond Pair(tones,shock duration) B4/after acq ARi Ove,JB'66- w/lite S --> discrim transfer of ARi to tones - - - - - Ove,JB'66- FVJS Pair(S,sh) decr later shuttle ARi, decr if immobilized - - And,LE'67- F E- Shuttle avoid decr-f N/prior fear cond trials - - - - - - - Pin,GA'67- DAJ- Mix Pair(T1,shock) + T2-alone--T1 incr and T2 decr ARi - - Bul,JA'68+ RAe- Rate of shuttle ARi incr by S separately paired w/shock - - Gro,NE'68+ Rate shuttle ARi decr by S separately unpaired w/shock Gro,NE'68+ DAE- Decr shuttle AR by S after shock, if long ITI - - - - - - - Mos,A.'68+ Rxe- CER pretrng to lite decr acq ARi w/tone S - - - - - - - - - Nak,CY'68+ Above decr not specific to lite during instru-avcond Nak,CY'68+ RAE- Pair(S,shock) impair subsequent acq shuttle ARi - - - - - - Wei,JM'68e FVJS Prior Pair(S,shock) facil shuttle ARi w/30 not w/10-sec ISI Bro,KH'69+ RAe- Diffcond(tones,shock)--S+ incr, S- did not decr shuttle ARi Des,O.'70- R - Pair(S,shock)--S decr next Lat(AR)=incr-f(safe-time left) - Rie,DA'70+ ROOx Avoid chamber wall lited B4 Pair(food,shock), incr-f(USI) - Lit,J.'71+ Above diffcond best w/lo food dep and hi USI Lit,J.'71+ RAO- Pair(tone,footshock) incr footshock, not tailshock avoid - Bar,HE'75+ Pair(tone,tailshock) incr tailshock, not footshock avoid Bar,HE'75+ DxE- Make ARi but not escape R to Pavlovian cond aversive S - - Ehr,RN'76+ F OS W/goldfish, maint shuttle ARi during extn w/Pair(CS,shock) Wal,J.'77+ Note: Decr ARi perf w/CS or shock alone Wal,J.'77+ RVPx After acq suppression w/Pair(S,shock) on OpR baseline Kie,N.'80e some O acq ARi to terminate S and avoid shock - - - - - Kie,N.'80e AEHC>>1:20. Classcond effects on operant avcond AC****nIO R1JS MIX Pair(S1,immed shock) + Pair(S2,5-sec delayed shock) --> Zie,P.'51+ S1 incr and S2 decr Rate(ARo) - - - - - - - - - - - - - Zie,P.'51+ RCPS Pref compartment not assoc w/ECS - - - - - - - - - - - - - Daw,RG'65+ D E- Unclear effect Pair(fear-S,fear-inhib-S) re incr Rate(ARo) LLo,VM'66+ DAE- S paired w/shock incr ARo; S paired w/no shock decr ARo - - Res,RA'66- DAe- S paired w/loud noise incr Sidman ARo w/shock - - - - - - - LLo,VM'67- DAE- Pair(S,shock) w/long ISI--Rate(ARo) decr by early part of S Res,RA'67- D1e- Pair(tone,no-shock) + Pair(lite,shock)--Tone decr Op-avcond Des,O.'69- Above decr reduced w/diff freq of tones Des,O.'69- Pair(tone,shock) + (lite,no-shock)--Tone facil Op-avcond Des,O.'69- Above facil reduced w/diff freq of tones Des,O.'69- Rxe- Pair(S,shock)--S incr Rate(ARo) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rie,D.'69- Above Rate(AR) incr greater w/2 S separately paired w/sh Rie,D.'69- Rate(ARo) decr by separate extn of previous paired(S,sh) Rie,D.'69- R1e- S paired w/shock incr noncued ARo - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wei,RG'69+ S unpaired w/shock decr noncued ARo Wei,RG'69+ RxPS Pair(S,shock) on ARo baseline-->Incr Rate(R) during S - - - Bla,DE'70- No above effect if ARo trng w/discrim cue B4 shock Bla,DE'70- R e- Pair(S1,S2,shock)--ARo incr during S1 and decr during S2 - Rob,AE'70- RCPS Pair(S,shock) w/ARo baseline-->Rate(ARo) incr-decr during S Hur,HM'71e R1PS Nonconting buzz alone or Pair(lite,buzz) decr Rate(ARo) - - Rie,DA"71- RAe- Pair(S,food)--S disrupts bar-press ARo - - - - - - - - - - Dav,H.'72+ D AS Rate(ARo) incr w/S paired w/avoidable/unavoidable shock - - Pay,RJ'72- RAe- S pair w/weak shock incr Rate(ARo), w/strong decr Rate(ARo) Sco,SR'72- CER S also accel Rate(ARo), w/in-O, not v/versa Sco,SR'72- R PS Rate(ARo) decr w/S B4 R-indep shock - - - - - - - - - - - - Shi,EH'72e RVJ- Pair(S,shock)--S incr Rate(ARo) w/effect incr-f(sh duratn) Rie,DA'73+ RABS Pair(S,shock) decr ARo w/ISI longer than R-shock interval - Sco,SR'73- R JS After acq ARo, Pair(S,shock) --> S incr Rate(ARo) - - - - - Lib,ME'76- After acq ARo, Unpair(S,shock) --> S decr Rate(ARo) Lib,ME'76- Interp above effects re summation w/temporal ARo gradient Lib,ME'76- R e- Pair(S,shock)--S decr shuttle ARo - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rob,AE'76+ RCPS Superimpose Pair(S,shock) on ARo --> Rate(ARo) during S Rob,AE'77+ incr if shock short, decr if long re avoidable shock - - Rob,AE'77+ D O- Pair(S,shock) off baseline--S facil ARo incr-f(shock inten) Bra,RM'79+ Pair(S,shock) on baseline--S suppress ARo if strong shock Bra,RM'79+ R E- Pair(S1,S2,shock)--ARo rate incr during S1, decr during S2 Rob,AE'79+ R1 S Pair(tone,S)-->tone incr absolute Rate(ARo) - - - - - - - - Lin,D.'81e Pair(lite,S)-->lite incr rel Rate(ARo) vs random controls Lin,D.'81e RVJS Decr shuttle ARo w/S assoc w/absence/decr inten of shock - Cot,MM'82e RAPS Pair(S,US) during op-avoid decr Rate(ARo) - - - - - - - - - Rob,AE'91- Relevant uncoded root-abstracts Relevant(?) unabstracted-uncoded literature R Title: Precond in non-avoid sit - - - - - - - - - - - - - Fox,LJ'47- Title: Cue assoc w/remove reinf (Bower) - - - - - - - - - Ste,D.'64- RAR Title: Prior fear cond on avoid beh - - - - - - - - - - - Gil,RM'75- Title: Drive concept in helplessness - - - - - - - - - - - Fei,RA'76- Title: Interaction of Pavlovian/avoid - - - - - - - - - - MMi,GR'77- Title: Motiv aspects of lrnd helplessness - - - - - - - - Fei,RA'82e xxx Title: Unpredictability in lrnd helpless - - - - - - - - - Ove,JB'83+