LOGAN: LAWS OF LEARNING (Basic Processes) July 2004 FREE BEHAVIOR: Excitation Current Orgamism Interdependent Variables Contents Paradigmatic/Natural/Asocial/Emotionally-Positive/Interdependent-Operation FECO<>1:00. Free<>Behavior Situation FM****aFA FECO<>1:01. Free<>Behavior w/Amt(Reinf)="Meal"/"Bout" FM****aFB FECO<>1:10. Choice Free Behavior Situation FM****aFL FECO<>1:20. Free Control re Non-Maintenance Commodity FM****aFS Paradigmatic/Natural/Asocial/Emotionally-Negative/Interdependent-Operation FECO<>2:00. Punishment in Free Behavior FM****cFp Relevant uncoded root<>abstracts Relevant(?) unabstracted/uncoded literature FECO<>1:00. Free<>Behavior Situation FM****aFA Definition: Total Access to Commodity is<>f(OpR) NOTE: Free behavior situation = "Closed" economy See also "Systematic Analyses: Paradigms" Genz: In free beh sit, intake of food/H2O decr<>f(Resp/Reinf) MCC1 In free beh sit, food/H2O intake decr-f(5/40/80/160/320 FR) Fin,JD'59- XXX- Free beh sit is "correl D," w/intake as-f beh (225ff) - - - Log,FA'60- Note: In non-free beh sit, no effect beh on total intake Log,FA'60- "Terms" in free beh sit: Sched(Reinf), Amt(Rf), Effort Log,FA'60- Intake in free beh sit decr-f(Ratio/effort) incr-f(Amt) Log,FA'60- Intake/access decr-f(FR) for food < H2O < illum Fin,JD'62- MCP1 Ident operant "tree" as OpR --> choice OpR2 or OpR3 Fin,JD'62- w/diff reinf (eg food/H2O) re OpR2 and OpR3 - - - - - Fin,JD'62- Treat OpTree as unit of beh in free beh sit Fin,JD'62- Eg Acq DRL/FR/PRF perf re DRL/FR/PRF reinf of tree Fin,JD'62- RCP1 In free beh sit, drive/perf--hunger/thirst interdependent - Log,FA'64- Eg incr Amt(Rf) incr perf re wage-rate, decr re income Log,FA'64- Food intake as-f(terms)> decr in food intake Hur,SR'81+ PCPH In closed econ, Rate(OpR) incr-f(FR), decr-f(Amt(Reinf) - - Ped,BF'84+ Re above, max Rate(OpR) at sim "price" (OpR per gm food) Ped,BF'84+ RCPH Perf re sched is-f(regulatn of beh disparities re set-pts) Tim,W.'84- Molar Rate(OpR) re intake may mod OpR pattern Tim,W.'84- PCPH W/continual access to OpR, maint body wt w/FR50, not FR200 Pal,WL'85+ w/4-sec food reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pal,WL'85+ PCPH W/OpR1-->S 10-sec B4 food, Rate(OpR2) w/50% = 100% reinf - Ras,ME'86+ Re above closed econ, Rate(OpR2) decr-f(Amt(Reinf)) Ras,ME'86+ Note: N/trials decr-f and amt/time eat incr-f(Amt(Reinf) Ras,ME'86+ PCCH In closed econ, OpR re signal assoc w/food - - - - - - - - Ras,ME'87e xCOH W/mix FT-ext, ObR re sched, not location of food delivery - Bow,CA'88+ RCPH Def: Price = cost/benefit ratio = effort per unit of food - Hur,SR'88e Vary price re FR/Amt(Reinf)/P(Reinf)/R-Force Hur,SR'88e FAL: Above "price" same as "terms" (Logan, 1960) Hur,SR'88e Rate(OpR) incr-decr-f(price); 1 demand curve above var Hur,SR'88e PCPH Incr in food cost (FR) -->rapid decr in food intake in lite Ras,ME'88+ Decr intake-->nocturnal hypothermia w/energy conserv Ras,ME'88+ RCPH Maint w/OpR1 for 1 hr at Time1, OpR2 for 1 hr at Time2 - - Bou,Z.'90+ Above O emit anticipatory appropriate OpR B4 sched time Bou,Z.'90+ PCPH Rate(OpR) incr-f(VI) in closed, vs decr-f(VI) in open econ Hal,GA'90+ Note: Above diff in beh effects not due to diff in dep Hal,GA'90+ RUPT Maint dry-lick OpR w/reinf = accumulating available H2O - - All,J.'91+ Tend to defer drink w/lo, not hi rate of incr avail H2O All,J.'91+ RCPH Food intake decr-f(FR) w/incr stereotypy of OpR - - - - - - Bau,R.'91- OCPH Food intake decr-f(FR) w/baboons - - - - - - - - - - - - - Fol,RW'91- PUPH Rate(Op) w/Chain FR-VI incr-f(VI-reinf rate) w/closed econ Ken,SB'91- RCPH No effect of wheel-run avail on decr food intake w/incr FR Bau,RA'92- In above, running in lite, not in dark, incr w/incr FR Bau,RA'92- RCPH Rate(OpR) decr-f(Amt(Reinf)) in closed, not in open econ - Col,G.'92- Concl Rate(OpR) not always a measure of R strength Col,G.'92- RUOT N/lick-OpR incr-f(FR, N/subj and work-stations) - - - - - - All,J.'93+ OCCH W/baboon in free beh sit, food intake decr-f(FR) - - - - - Fol,RW'94- Above demand decr w/anorectic drug, incr w/anxiolytic Fol,RW'94- OCCH W/pigs w/incr FR, food demand inelastic, elastic w/S-change Mat,LR'94+ PCOH 1 O acq hoarding in closed econ w/limited time to earn food Wak,M.'94e RCCH In closed econ, delayed altern decr-f(delay), esp in lite - Bau,RA'95+ FECO<>1:01. Free<>Behavior w/Amt(Reinf)="Meal"/"Bout" FM****aFB Genz: N/meals decr<>f(Effort) and meal size incr<>f(Effort) RCCH W/reinf = eat until 10-min w/out eating, N/meals decr-f(FR) Col,G.'72e Note: Above O maint body weight w/incr meal size Col,G.'72e GCCH N/meals not-f, w/Rate(OpR) decr-f(Amt(Reinf)) in free beh - Hir,E.'74+ Maint growth w/incr meal size w/N/meals decr-f(FR) Hir,E.'74+ GCCT N/drinking bouts, intake/bout incr-f(FR) in free beh sit - Hir,E.'74+ Re above, daily H2O intake decr-f(FR) Hir,E.'74+ RCCT Maint H2O intake w/incr bout size re N/bouts decr-f(FR) - - Mar,AG'74- CCCH Young O maint growth w/incr meal size re N/meals decr-f(FR) Kan,RB'75- XCCF W/constrained intake, N/meals decr-f(FR) w/incr meal size - Col,G.'77e Above f(FR) applies to bouts of drinking/run-acty Col,G.'77e Rate(OpR) =measure R-strength only under some conditions Col,G.'77e Treat "meal" as unit of anal in free beh sit vs "reflex" Col,G.'77e OCPH W/chick, size of meal decr-f(FR w/in meal) - - - - - - - - Cli,PG'79- RWCH N/meals decr-f(FR wheel-turns) w/incr meal size - - - - - - Kan,RB'79+ Re above, maint body weight except at high (2560) FR Kan,RB'79+ W/exposure to above hi FR, incr run OpR but decr intake Kan,RB'79+ RUCT W/contin access to H2O, only 1 bout/day if effort required Mar,A.'79+ OCPH Ferret maint intake w/incr FR by decr meal freq, incr size Kau,LW'80- RCCH W/OpR for pellet w/in meal, abrupt end w/out decr w/in meal Col,GH'82- RCCH Meal freq decr and meal size incr w/FR w/wild-caught O - - Kau,LW'83+ RCCH Rate(OpR) incr-f(w/in-meal unit price) re size/duration - - Col,GH'86e Meal freq decr-f, size incr-f(procurement price) Col,GH'86e RCCH N/meals decr, meal duratn incr w/procurement cost (FR5-80) Osb,B.'86+ Fornix transectn incr meal duratn w/incr w/in-meal acty Osb,B.'86+ OUPH W/baboon, no effect of FR size to procure CRF reinf sched - Fol,RW'88+ Note: N/meals in above decr-f(procurement FR) Fol,RW'88+ RGCH Meal size decr w/32-sec imposed interpellet delay - - - - - Luc,GA'88+ XCCH Maint intake w/decr N/meals, incr meal size w/incr cost - - Col,GH.90+ RCOH In free beh sit, begin meal w/FR + progressive ratio sched Joh,DF'93e In above, P(end meal) incr-f(ratio)+FR to begin new meal Joh,DF'93e Above meal larger than minimize feeding time or R output Joh,DF'93e RCCH Meal pattern consistency re lite/dark diff w/rat strain - Gle,JI'94+ RCCH Meal size not-f(procurement (ratio) price) w/VR sched - - - Joh,DF'94+ W/VR sched, individual meal size is-f(geometric mean VR) Joh,DF'94+ rather than procurement (ratio) price of that meal Joh,DF'94+ RCCH W/delay after OpR B4 meal, N/meals decr-f(delay to 46-hr) - Mat,CE'95e Above incr meal length + maint intake up to 11-hr delay Mat,CE'95e RCCH W/daily altern lo/hi-cost, most intake on lo-cost days - - Mor,S.'95e SCCH Intake not-f, N/meals decr-f(obstacle (eg deep H2O) to food She,CM'96+ FECP<>1:10. Choice Free Behavior Situation FM****aFL RCP1 Terms w/= cost (eg 1:1 vs 2:2) not equal in perf/pref Log,FA'64- RCCH W/concur VI, match rel Rate(OpR) re rel Rate(Reinf) - - - - Bau,WM'72- RCPT In free beh sit, Rate(OpR) higher + pref light bar w/lo FR, Kan,RB'73+ w/switch to heavy bar w/hi FR - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kan,RB'73+ RSCH Matching re log rel Rate(OpR) = log rel Rate(Reinf) Gra,DA'77e w/group of 5 on various CONC VI VI in free beh sit - - - Gra,DA'77e W/daily sessions of concur VI VI for unlimited food rf, Hur,SR'78- match rel Rate(OpR1/OpR2) but not re OpR3 w/H2O reinf Hur,SR'78- Matching also obtained w/limited amt of daily food reinf Hur,SR'78- XXXX Anal distrib among OpRs-reinf in free beh context Sta,JE'79- re minimize distance from free choice of reinf - - - - - Sta,JE'79- RVPO Lite-reared O pref feature-S; dark-reared O pref diffuse S Tee,RC'80e RCCH Pref OpR w/large > small pellet meals w/= price (FR)/pellet Joh,DF'89+ Above pref decr-f(diff in consumption price) Joh,DF'89+ PCPH In free beh sit, pref gamble (5 FR 10s or TO) vs FR 30 - - Ken,SB'89- Re above, little effect of 1 - 30-min TO w/loss of reinf Ken,SB'89- XCCH W/OpR1-->option of OpR2 w/lo FR altern w/OpR3 w/hi FR, Col,GH'90+ P(accept OpR3) decr-f(diff in FR) - - - - - - - - Col,GH'90+ In above, Rate(OpR2 or OpR3) incr-f(FR) Col,GH'90+ FECO<>1:20. Free Control re Non-Maintenance Commodity FM****aFS RVPO Maint constant length of lite each day, decr-f(brightness) Loc,RB'62- RVPO Prior dark environ decr daily R-produced lite exposure - - Loc,RB'62- RV Title: Self-regulated lite exposure - - - - - - - - - - - Loc,RB'62- rCV Title: Rearing on lite self-exposure - - - - - - - - - - - Loc,RB'63- RV Title: Lite exposure in pigmented/albino - - - - - - - - - Loc,RB'64- MVPO Maint hi Rate(OpR) w/reinf=lite on w/O maint in dark - - - Par,CE'66- RNPO Ultradia rhythm of OpR w/ESB reinf, correl w/feeding - - - Kat,RJ'80- RNPO In free beh sit, episodic OpR w/ESB reinf, only in dark - - Kat,RJ'81- W/extn of above, persist in initiating > maint episodes Kat,RJ'81- RSCO W/free access to estrous females, males average 3 ejac/day Log,FA'92+ Above sex beh predominantly in dark, often in clusters Log,FA'92+ Free sex beh decr running acty, not food/H2O intake Log,FA'92+ PCxH In free beh sit w/O-control of food and ambient temperature Ost,J.'92- incr food FR-->decr food intake w/change in temp pref - Ost,J.'92- FECO<>2:00. Punishment in Free Behavior FM****cFp RCCH W/shock if try to eat, N/shocks suffered incr up to 6-d dep Ras,EW'40- RFAT Contin conflict w/shock H2O --> biting + "tantrums" beh - - Hun,JM'50+ RCC1 Punish eat/drink --> ulcers; incr w/early mother separation Ade,R.'60e RCC1 Punish eat/drink --> ulcers; paired = single subj - - - - - Ade,R.'60e RCCT N/bouts decr + bout size incr w/risk of occasional shock - Pur,JE'90- RCPH W/Chain(FR-CRF) in free beh sit + random shock in OpR area, Hel,FJ'93+ meal size incr w/incr P(shock); decr intake w/hi P(sh) - Hel,FJ'93+ Relevant uncoded root<>abstracts HOCT _Subcu hypertonic NaCl = H2O dep re H2O intake - - - - - - - Hey,AW'51- RXXX _Model for environ/beh over time - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bir,D.'84- Relevant(?) unabstracted/uncoded literature R C Title: Control of meal parameters - - - - - - - - - - - - Sno,CT'69- PCP Title: Reinf availability w/24-hr session - - - - - - - - Luc,GA'81- P Title: Cost of food and feeding beh - - - - - - - - - - - OCo,JM'85- P Title: Consumption-leisure tradeoffs - - - - - - - - - - - Gre,L.'87e P Title: OpR w/open/closed econ (Cheney) - - - - - - - - - - Lof,CR'89- R Title: Work costs of earning food - - - - - - - - - - - - Mit,SM'97+