LOGAN: LAWS OF LEARNING (Basic Processes) January 2004 INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING: Excitation Current Stimulus Independent Variables Contents Paradigmatic/Natural/Asocial/Emotionally-Neutral/Independent-Operation IECS>>1:00. Stimulus Conditions in Instrumental Cond IE****Bsi Behavioral/Natural/Asocial/Emotionally-Neutral/Independent-Operation IECS>>1:10. Context Effects in Instrucond IE****Nci Behavioral/Unnatural/Social/Emotionally-Neutral/Interdependent-Operation IECS>>1:11. Paired Instrumental Conditioning IE****wci Paradigmatic/Unnatural/Asocial/Emotionally-Neutral/Interdependent-Operation IECS>>1:20. Counting in Instrumental Cond IE****hcH Paradigmatic/Natural/Asocial/Emotionally-Positive/Interdependent-Operation Principle IECS>>2:00. Reinf (US) sched in instrucond IE****afa IECS>>2:10. Intertrial Reinforcement in PRF IE****afi IECS>>2:20. Sequential effects w/random PRF/VRF IE****afr Systematic Analyses of PRF in Instrumental Conditioning IE****afz Principle IECS>>3:00. Amount/Magnitude of Reinforcement IE****aMK IECS>>3:01. Effect of Varied Amt(Reinf) IE****akv Systematic Analyses of Amt(Reinf) in Instrucond IE****akz Principle IECS>>3:10. Quality of Reinforcement IE****aqa Principle IECS>>4:00. Delay of Reinforcement (Nonchaining) IE****aDK IECS>>4:01. Effect of Varied Delay(Reinf) IE****ajv IECS>>4:10. Within Chain Delay(Reinf) IE****ajc IECS>>4:20. Effect of GB detention IE****ajd Systematic Analyses of Delay(Reinf) in Instrucond IE****ajz IECS>>5:00. Interactions involving Reinf in Instrucond IE****aIa IECS>>6:00. Interaction of Instrucond w/Classcond IE****aIc Relevant unconded root-abstracts Relevant(?) unabstracted/uncoded literature IECS>>1:00. Stimulus Conditions in Instrumental Cond IE****Bsi RXX Title: Sensory control - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ric,F.'09- G - Objects become cues only as assume meanings in prob box - - Mue,KR'28- MOPH Manip mechanical puzzle w/out reinf, decr w/food - - - - - Dav,RT'50e RVJH Speed(IR) incr-f(S inten contrast w/context; not abs inten) Bra,RM'54+ Title: Intense extra S on cond motor R - - - - - - - - - - Gav,LN'54- R Title: CSI on R speed - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Per,CC'54+ RVRH Speed(IR) incr-f(CSI) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pas,GE'56+ RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(brightness diff SB vs GB) - - - - - - - - Hea,MJ'60+ RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(size of GB) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tho,ME"61- RART Speed(IR) incr w/H2O reward B4 trial - - - - - - - - - - - Wik,EL'61+ DxxH IR acq + R/Extn w/tactile > auditory S; reverse for CR - - Dob,C.'62+ DGA- Use large piece of meat as cue for IR w/small meat reinf - Vat,EG'62- RARO Speed(IR) to white GB incr-f(exposure to black start) - - - Fow,H.'63- RARH Acq facil w/GB color diff from alley - - - - - - - - - - - Sal,E.'63e RARH Speed(IR) not-f(runway-GB sim) re amt or change in reinf - DLo,V.'64- OARO W/hamster, Speed(IR) w/changing > constant objects in GB - Sch,GE'65+ RAR Title: Amt(food) available in GB - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mil,M.'67+ RARH After trng w/food+tone in GB, Speed(IR) incr-f(tone in SB) Wil,JL'70- R1PT After trng w/S1-->reinf, P(OpR) to added S2 incr-f S2 inten Fel,JM'75- RARO ESB reinf is-f(train duration/pulse freq/train strength) - Gal,CR'78- R Title: Overshadowing w/valid cue - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pea,HN;78+ RG Title: Commonality in (non)reward odors - - - - - - - - - Esl,PJ'80+ OVRO W/cockroach w/dark reinf, Speed(IR) incr w/dark prime in SB Eis,LA'81+ RARH IR acq w/PRF decr w/food immed B4 reinf or nonreinf trial - Ter,WS'85- R H IR perf decr after Pair(rf,toxin) incr-f(prior rf IR trng) Col,RM'88+ OxA- No blocking w/color-odor compound W/honeybee - - - - - - - Fun,ES'95e EG Train A+/B-, then AX+/BY+ -->X = Y Fun,ES'95e RARH Speed(IR) not-f(size of GB) w/delayed reinf - - - - - - - - Cal,RS"00e IECS>>1:10. Context Effects in Instrumental Cond IE****Nci RAOONci_Swim speed incr w/concur sound stim - - - - - - - - - - - - Mor,RH'34- RVR Nci_Title: Perf as-f(illum) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wey,RG'60- D Nci_Title: Lite/darkness on perf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nik,NE'62- R Nci_Title: Contextual cues and retrieval - - - - - - - - - - - Hag,SJ'94+ IECS>>1:11. Paired Instrumental Conditioning IE****wci RSRHwci_Speed(IR) not-f(pairing w/another O) - - - - - - - - - - - Lep,WM'39- DARxwci_Speed(IR) faster if run in pairs, esp re slower O - - - - - Vog,HH'50e oAR wci_Title: Social facil of run speed - - - - - - - - - - - - - Smi,WI'51- RARHwci_Decr Speed(IR) to GB in which other rat shocked - - - - - - Eld,S.'70e R wci_Title: Conspecific odor--reward/nonreward - - - - - - - - Col,I.'77+ IECS>>1:20. Counting in Instrumental Cond IE****hcH RMRH Acq IR = specified N/run around circular maze - - - - - - - Che,CS'67- OVOU Baboons acq "counting" re diff N/R assoc w/diff Ss - - - - Lev,PK'67+ RARH Tend to match Speed(IR) w/sequence of varied Amt(Reinf) - - Cap,EJ'79e RARH Evidence of memory for order/number of reinf/nonreinf tr - Cap,EJ'81+ RARH Diffcond re floor cue RRN or RRRN sequence re slow N-tr IR Bur,RA'87+ RALH Diffcond re N/sounds, but overshadowed by time cue if avail Bre,JW'98+ Principle IECS>>2:00. Reinf (US) sched in instrucond IE****afa . Term: Continuous reinf (CRF) if reinf occurs on every trial . Term: Partial reinf (PRF) if reinf is omitted on some trials . Note: PRF is special case of varied Amt/Delay(Reinf) RVOH Stable terminal Speed(IR) w/PRF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ver,WS'42- RARH Asymptotic start/run, not GB Speed(IR) w/PRF > CRF - - - - Goo,KP'59- RARH Terminal Speed(IR) w/50% > 100% reinf - - - - - - - - - - - Hag,DF'59- RARH Rel Speed(IR) w/PRF vs CRF is-f(Amt(Reinf),ITI) (81) - - - Log,FA'60- RARH IR speed w/PRF=CRF, in long or short alley - - - - - - - - Wik,EL'60+ RARH Speed(IR) w/PRF > CRF near start, PRF < CRF near goal - - - Wag,AR'61- Attrib above decr Speed(IR) near goal to antic frustratn Wag,AR'61- H xO R-variability w/PRF greater in acq, less in extn w/PREE - - DAm,MR'62+ RART Speed(IR) w/50% > 100% reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Har,SJ'62e RDRH Speed(IR) w/PRF < CRF w/daily ip sodium amytal - - - - - - Wag,AR'63- RARH Obtain PREA (fast start, slow goal) w/diffcond 50% vs CRF - Ams,A.'64e RARH Observe w/in-subj PREA w/PRF to S1 and CRF to S2 - - - - - Ams,A.'66e H Title: Mean/variability of run length - - - - - - - - - - Gam,B.'66+ RARH W/CRF in 1 alley, Speed(IR) in 2nd alley incr-f(P(Reinf) - Hen,K.'66- RART Speed(IR) w/50% blocked reward > 50% non-reward > CRF - - - Bla,RJ'67- R Title: Sched effects after limited acq - - - - - - - - - - Cap,EJ'68e RARH Start/run Speed(IR) w/PRF > CRF; GB Speed(IR) w/PRF < CRF - Pre,D.'68+ RARO W/zero dep and sucrose reward, Speed(IR) w/PRF > CRF - - - Dac,L.'69+ Above after extended trng w/max in middle of alley Dac,L.'69+ RARH Rate of acq but not final Speed(IR) incr-f(P(Reinf) - - - - Rat,RG'71+ RARH Speed(IR) w/PRF > CRF even in goal area - - - - - - - - - - Hor,K.'72- RAR Title: Percent reinf on running - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ras,ME'72e RARHafa Speed(IR) after incremental > decremental Amt(Reinf) - - - Dav,SF'74- RARH PREA in all alley segments, incr-f(Amt(Reinf) - - - - - - - Hug,LF'74e RAR Title: Sched/delay(reinf) on acq speed - - - - - - - - - - Cap,EJ'78- RAR Title: Operant/runway Sched(Reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - Bus,MK'79- FAOH PREA w/goldfish, w/no effect of intertrial reinf on R/Extn Dol,DL'80- RARH Speed(IR) w/PRF slower w/retrace on nonreinf tr w/salient S Joh,CM'82+ RARH Speed(IR) w/PRF decr if permit w/drawal from GB on nonreinf Joh,CM'82+ Above only w/alley/extra-maze cues re start/middle/GB Joh,CM'82+ OARH W/octopus, acq incr-f(Amt(Reinf)) w/CRF, but no acq w/PRF - Pap,MR'91+ IECS>>2:10. Intertrial Reinforcement in PRF IE****afi R Title: Intertrial reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lob,H.'67+ R Title: Intertrial reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cap,EJ'68+ RARH Inter-trial reinf after nonreinf tr facil acq - - - - - - - Hom,MJ'70e RAR Title: Perf as-f value of intertr reinf - - - - - - - - - Hom,MJ'71e RAR Title: Perf as-f intertrial/runway reinf - - - - - - - - - Bla,RW'73e RAR Title: Mag(Reward) and ITI reward - - - - - - - - - - - - Sla,RS'74- IECS>>2:20. Sequential effects w/random PRF/VRF IE****afr FOOH Speed(IR) after nonreinf < reinf w/altern/random PRF - - - Gon,RC'51e RARH Speed(IR) w/varied reinf is-f(reinf on preceding tr) (89) Log,FA'60- RARH Early in trng w/PRF, Speed(IR) hi after reinf, lo after non Cap,EJ'62e RAR- Daily blocks of reinf then nonreinf tr-->fast then slow IR Hab,Y.'64- R Title: Regular/irreg PRF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cam,PE'70e RAR Title: Sequences of sucrose w/short ITI - - - - - - - - - Bur,RA'76- Systematic Analyses of PRF in Instrumental Conditioning IE****afz H Title: Antic of reward as-f(PRF) - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bra,H.'56e RARH Inconclusive evidence re contiguity-interference th of PRF Lau,DW'57+ RART PRF --> powerful discrim H2O vs dry drinking tube in GB - - Hul,SH'62- RAR Title: Reward effect in PRF (FALogan) - - - - - - - - - - Kra,F.'62- RARH Amobarbital elim PREE/PREA w/no effect on double-runway FE Gra,JA'65- RAR Title: Aversive prop of PRF/VRF - - - - - - - - - - - - - Dal,HB'69- Title: PREA and rg - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Uln,JD'72- Principle IECS>>3:00. Amount/Magnitude of Reinforcement IE****aMK . Instrucond incr-f(Amt(Reinf)) w/between < w/in subj effect OARH Perf w/1 whole kernel < l kernel in 4 pieces - - - - - - - Gri,GC.29- O Title: Amt(reinf)/consum acty in chicken - - - - - - - - - Wol,JB'36- NOOO W/weighted string-pull R, max work = incr-f(Amt(Reinf) - - Fle,FM'40- CARH Perf w/large > small Amt(Reinf) only w/large in 4 pieces - Wol,JB'41+ RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(1/4/16/64/256 pellets Amt(Reinf) - - - - - Cre,LP'42- RARH Asymptotic Speed(IR) incr-f(Amt(Reinf)), w/same acq rate - Zea,D.'49- R Title: Amt(Reinf) on perf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Swi,DE'52- RARH Acq IR speed incr-f Amt(Reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Met,R.'57e RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(1 vs 10 pellet Mag(Reinf)) - - - - - - - - Arm,HL'58- MRU- W/20% reinf, Lat(IR) decr-f(Mag(Reinf)) w/lo-reinf limit - Mic,KM'58- RARH Shuttle IR speed not-f(Amt(Reinf) at opposite ends of alley Per,AC'58+ M Title: 2 meth re Amt(Reinf) on perf - - - - - - - - - - - Sch,AM'58- RARH Start/run Speed(IR) w/10 > 1 pellet reinf - - - - - - - - - Arm,HL'59- RARH IR speed incr-f Amt(Reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bow,GH'60+ RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(sucrose concen + Amt(Reinf) w/no interactn Goo,KP'60- RUPH N/short-lat-R incr-f(Amt(Reinf)/food-dep w/additive combine Hul,IM'60- RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(0-15 pellet Amt(Reinf)) (55) - - - - - - - Log,FA'60- Title: Absolute Mag(Reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kli,HL'61- ROOH Rate(lick IR) w/large > small Amt(Rf) w/PRF; reverse w/CRF Hul,SH'62+ RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(Amt(Reinf), %(Reinf), dep w/no interaction Yar,M.'62e Title: Mag(reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mor,JH'65+ RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(1/2/4/8/16-pellet Amt(Reinf) - - - - - - - DLo,V.'66+ RARH Start not run Speed(IR) w/1 large > 5 small pellets reinf - Fur,E.'66+ Note: Consum time of 1 large > 5 small pellets Fur,E.'66+ RAR Title: Acq/extn as-f(Mag(Reinf)) - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rat,RG'66- RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(Amt(Reinf)) w/small (4) N/tr - - - - - - - Pad,AM'67- AR Title: Speed as-f Mag(reward) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Dam,CA'69+ RAR Title: Duration of water reinf on running - - - - - - - - Rob,D.'69- RAR Title: Mag(Reinf) w/correl cues - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sey,RG'69- R Title: Mag of partial reward - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cap,EJ'70+ RARH Speed(IR) w/large > small reinf in acq w/no asymptotic diff MCa,G.'71e RARH Rate of acq but not final Speed(IR) incr-f(Mag(Reinf) - - - Rat,RG'71+ O Title: Amt(Reinf) w/turtle - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Per,A.'73- RARH Speed(IR) w/large > small Amt(PRF reinf), decr w/trng - - - Cap,EJ'74+ RAR Title: Alley section effects of Mag(PRF) - - - - - - - - - Cap,EJ'75+ R Title: Mag(Reinf) and IR perf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - MHo,JH'76+ RART W/1-tr/day, Speed(IR) incr-decr-f(Amt(H2O reinf)) - - - - - Cam,PE'79+ RAR Title: Mag(Reinf) effects as-f(w/in-day) - - - - - - - - - Dav,SF'80+ RARH Terminal Speed(IR) w/large >small rf re start/run, not goal Dav,SF'82e RARH Speed(IR) after 1 trial w/large > small reinf - - - - - - - Goo,DT'82- O Title: Mag(Reinf) on instrucond w/toad - - - - - - - - - - Mus,RN'92e IS>>3:01. Effect of Varied Amt(Reinf) IE****akv RARH Speed w/varied Amt(reinf) equal to constant mean Amt(reinf) Log,FA'55e Slower speed w/varied Amt(reinf) than PRF w/same large rein Log,FA'55e RAR Title: Mean reward and mean reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - Per,CC'59e RARH W/2-value varied amt w/same hi mean, Speed decr-f(diff)(77) Log,FA'60- W/2-value varied amt w/same lo mean, R=incr-decr-f(diff) Log,FA'60- H Title: Variable Mag(reinf) on lever-R - - - - - - - - - - Lew,DJ'61+ RAR Title: CRF/PRF/varied Amt(reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - Yam,H.'61- RARH Speed(IR) not-f(constant/varied Amt(Reinf)) - - - - - - - - Gri,DL'64+ RARH Early in trng, Speed(IR) incr-f(Amt(Reinf)) on previous tr Blo,JM'67- R C Title: Absolute/mean Amt(Reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - Jer,GC'68- RVRH Speed(IR) w/varied (50%) Amt(Reinf) = constant geom mean - MHo,JH'70- R Title: PRF/VRF--mean Mag(reinf) (FALogan) - - - - - - - - Sch,JE'73- Systematic Analyses of Amt(Reinf) in Instrucond IE****akz Title: Quantify an incentive - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Leu,CJ'29- RARH Speed(IR) is-f strength of consum R, not need-reduction - - She,FD'54e RART Speed(IR) incr-f rate of consum R, not amt consumed - - - - Kli,JW'56- XXX- Incentive motiv (K) = vigor of Rg-Sg (135) - - - - - - - - Spe,KW'56- Amt + w/in-chain Delay(reinf) affect vigor of Rg-Sg (159 Spe,KW'56- Title: Test incentive motiv - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - She,BE'59- RAR Title: Amt(reinf) + N/consum R on perf - - - - - - - - - - Sny,HL'61+ RT Title: Amt(reward) on memory traces - - - - - - - - - - - Wal,EL'62+ Title: Anal of incentive motiv - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ash,S.'63- XXX- Interp: Incr in IR speed is-f incentive cond to IR fdbk - - Liu,I.'64- R Title: Amt(reinf) and vigor of Rg - - - - - - - - - - - - Wil,RL'66+ RAR Title: Amt(reinf) and aftereffects - - - - - - - - - - - - Yel,RD'67- R Title: Expectancies as-f(Amt(Reinf)) - - - - - - - - - - - Gro,DM'71- R Title: Mag(Reward) and a comment - - - - - - - - - - - - - MCa,G.'76e Principle IECS>>3:10. Quality of Reinforcement IE****aqa . Instrucond incr-f(Quality(Reinf)) as Perceived by Organism OUUH Change reward-->marked sign of surprise w/no effect on lrng Cha,AP'31+ RARH Speed(shuttle IR) incr-f(palatability) w/sim incr as-f(trng You,PT'47- R Title: IR as-f(sacc concen) (Postman) - - - - - - - - - - Che,JA'54- RAR- Speed(IR) incr-f(sucrose concen) w/satiated O - - - - - - - You,PT'54+ RAR0 Speed(IR) incr-f(sucrose concen) w/out hunger/thirst - - - You,PT'55+ RARH IR incr/decr-f(saccharine concen)--(Incr-f(palatability)) - Tom,T.'59- RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(sucrose concen) w/no effect on lick rate - Col,GH'61e RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(sucrose concen), not duration of drink - - Kra,D.'61- RARO Speed(IR) w/3 .8-sec septal ESB > 1 1.5-sec stim - - - - - New,BL'61- RARH Speed(IR) w/sucrose reinf not-f(sucrose concen pre-expose) Goo,KP'62- RARH Speed(IR) w/11% sucrose reinf not-f(pre-expose w/3/11/32%) Goo,KP'62+ RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(sucrose concen) w/no effect of consum acty Kna,FA'62+ RAR1 Spped(IR) incr-f(sacc concen) + incr-f(dep) w/no interactn Sny,HL'62- RARU Speed(IR) w/33%>8% sucrose indep of 3-45 sec delay in alley Wis,ER'62- RYRH Speed(IR) neg accel incr-f(sucrose concen) - - - - - - - - Bla,RW'65- RARU Speed(IR) w/20% > 3% sucrose; 400 > 20 licks reinf - - - - Ros,AJ'65+ RARH Speed(IR) w/36% > 4% sucrose, not-f prior expose to either Spe,NE'65- RARH Speed(IR) not-f(sucrose concen) after preexpose w/hi concen Iso,JR'68+ Speed(IR) w/hi > lo sucrose concen after preexpose w/lo Iso,JR'68+ RART Speed(IR) w/sacc>H20 if rear w/H2O, H2O>sacc if rear w/sacc Lev,N.'69+ RARS W/females, Speed(IR) to castrated males incr if treated so Dre,RF'79+ they smell, or better, smell and act like intact males - Dre,RF'79+ RARHaqa Speed(IR) w/30% >3% sucrose reinf w/food dep, not w/out dep Bur,RA'84e OVAH Speed(approach IR) incr-f(sucrose concen) w/honeybee - - - Lee,SK'92+ Principle IECS>>4:00. Delay of Reinforcement (Nonchaining) IE****aDK Note: Delay of Reinforcement is a Contingency Variable . Instrucond decr-f(Delay(Reinf)) . Note: Need to specify allowable beh during delay Rxx- N/crossings obstructn box decr by even 15-sec delay of food Ham,EL'29- Rate lrng and R-speed in maze decr w/delayed reinf Ham,EL'29- ROLH Acq pendulum-R-->release decr-f(0/5/10/30-sec Delay(Reinf) Rob,WH'30- RxPH Rate/limit IR acq decr-f(Delay(Reinf)) w/limit < 20 sec - - Per,CT'43- RAR Title: Delay(reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Hol,WB'57e RARH Speed(IR) decr-f 0/20/50/80/100% Delay(Reinf) w/1-tr/day - Wik,EL'59+ RARH Speed(IR) decr-f(0-30 sec nonchain Delay(Reinf) in GB) (50) Log,FA'60- R Speed(IR) w/long-delay reinf incr-decr-f(N/tr) (50) Log,FA'60- h Title: Immed/delayed reinf (Kessen) - - - - - - - - - - - Sto,TF'60- RAR Title: Delayed reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wik,EL'60+ R Title: Partial/delayed reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cap,EJ'61- R Title: Delayed/partial reinf on acq/extn - - - - - - - - - Cog,D.'61+ Speed(IR) decr-f(Delay(Reinf)) w/no effect on consum R-rate Col,GH'61e Title: Delay and PRF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wik,EL'61- Title: Partial/delayed reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wik,EL'62- h Title: Delay of reward in retarded child - - - - - - - - - Hea,M.'64e RARH Speed(IR) decr w/Delay(Reinf), less if make OpR in delay - Cli,T.'67+ Title: Delay(Reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mik,PJ'67- R Title: Long-term trng w/delay/reinf - - - - - - - - - - - Wik,EL'67+ RARH Speed(IR) decr-f(0/10/20-sec Delay(Reinf)) w/1-tr/day - - - Wik,EL'67+ RARH Speed(IR) decr-f(0/33/67/100% Delay(Reinf)) - - - - - - - - Wik,EL'68e HVBO W/short-latency blink IR, optimal Delay(Reinf) at 2-sec - - Cer,LE'69e RORH Wheel run acq/extn not-f(0,3,10-sec Delay(Reinf)) - - - - - Fra,JR'70- RARH Decr in Speed(IR) w/Delay(H2O reinf) > w/Delay(food reinf) Log,FA'70+ RARH Speed(IR) w/30-sec Delay(Reinf) incr by prior extn w/delay Sha,ME'74e RARH W/extended trng, no effect incr/decr/constant Delay(Reinf) MCa,G.'77e RAR Title: Delayed PRF: length of delay - - - - - - - - - - - Hag,SJ'78+ H Title: Diff delay(reinf) in human lrng - - - - - - - - - - Pit,RT'79+ RVPH Lat(IR) after discrete-tr cue w/delayed > immed reinf - - - Cam,PE'80e RARH After extended trng, Speed(IR) not-f(0/5/10/20-sec Delay(Rf Goo,DT'80- RARH Speed(IR) decr-f(Delay(Reinf)) after few, not extended trng Goo,DT'80- R Title: Delay(reinf) on affective/instru R - - - - - - - - DAm,MR'81+ IECS>>4:01. Effect of Varied Delay(Reinf) IE****ajv PVPH W/varied Delay(Reinf), pref R w/cue re delay - - - - - - - Bow,GH'55e RARH Faster speed w/varied Delay(reinf) than constant mean delay Log,FA'55e RAR Title: Variable delayed reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pet,LR'56- RARH Speed(IR) decr-f(% tr w/30-sec delay(Reinf)) - - - - - - - Wik,EL'57+ RARH W/2-value varied delay w/same mean, Speed incr-f(diff)(74) Log,FA'60- R Title: Variable Delay(Reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sha,PA'62- h Title: Speed(IR) as-f(varied Delay(Rf)) - - - - - - - - - Est,RE'63- RARH Patterned Speed(IR) w/2-tr/day and altern Delay(Reinf) - - Cam,PE'70- Above effect incr if immed reinf large and delayed small Cam,PE'70- RARH Speed(IR) w/partial Delay(Reinf) > CRF w/no delay - - - - - Hor,K.'72- IECS>>4:10. Within Chain Delay(Reinf) IE****ajc RMRH Speed(IR) decr in part of maze B4 confinement box - - - - - Gil,HC'38- RARH W/delay in mid-alley, Speed(IR) B4 delay decr-f(delay) - - Gil,HC'39- RARH Speed(IR) w/short>long alley, no interact w(dep) - - - - - Bes,NF'58+ RARH Speed(IR) slower if elim correl speed w/Delay(Reinf) (151) Log,FA'60- RARH Intra-runway delay decr Speed(IR) incr-f(N/tr B4 add delay) Wis,ER'63- RARH Speed(IR) decr B4 delay mid-way in alley, w/some recovery - Lud,HW'64e RAR- Run speed decr gradually B4/after place of intra-maze delay Che,W.'65- RARH Speed(IR) decr-f(Delay in alley) after acq - - - - - - - - Wil,JL'70+ RARH FE after forced delay in alley incr-f(Mag(Reinf) - - - - - All,JL'76- IECS>>4:20. Effect of GB detention IE****ajd RARH Speed(IR) decr-f detention time B4 GB - - - - - - - - - - - And,AC'33- RARH Acq Speed(IR) incr-f(Amt/%(Reinf)), not-f GB confinement - Hul,SH'58- R Title: Delay and GB confinement - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wik,EL'67e R Title: Pre-/post-reward delay/confinement - - - - - - - - Wil,RL'67- Systematic Analyses of Delay(Reinf) in Instrucond IE****ajz R Title: Temporal gradient of reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - Mil,NE'39+ XXX- Reject backward action of delayed reinf for immed sec reinf Spe,KW'47- Diff sec reinf re external/proprioceptive S as-f(delay) Spe,KW'47- Title: Expectancy in delayed reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - Mah,AR'56- XXX- Non-chaining Delay(reinf) sim to extn (163) Spe,KW'56- Both above produce inhib (I) if make competing R (163) Spe,KW'56- RAR Title: GB cues on gradient of reinf - - - - - - - - - - - Ren,KE'63- h Title: Waiting for reward/punish - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mis,W.'67+ IECS>>5:00. Interactions involving Reinf in Instrucond IE****aIa RARH No interaction of drive/Amt(Reinf) except at zero of either Sew,JP'58e RARH No Amt(Reinf) x Delay(Reinf) interaction re Speed(IR) (55) Log,FA'60- RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(dep), incr-f(Mag(Reinf)) w/no interaction Rey,WF'60+ RARH Start/run speed incr-f(Dep/Amt(Reinf)) w/no interaction - - Wei,RF'60- RART Speed(IR) incr-f(Amt(Reinf) and dep w/signif interaction - Kin,W.'62- RARH Speed(IR) in acq/extn incr-f(dep/Mag(Reinf)) w/no interactn Pav,WB'63+ R Title: Combination of drive/incentive - - - - - - - - - - Bla,RW'65- RARH No dep x Amt(Reinf) interaction (no main effect of Amt) - - Bla,PE'67+ RARH Re Speed(IR), no interaction Amt(Reinf) w/CRF/PRF - - - - - Hil,WF'67+ RUPH Acq IR incr-f(Qual/Quant sucrose reinf) w/interaction - - - Mar,MH'70+ RARH Speed(IR) incr-f(Amt(Rf)), decr-f(Delay(Rf)) w/no interact Sha,ME'70+ RARH Speed(IR) decr-f(body wt), incr-f(Amt(Reinf)) w/no interact Ehr,D.'71- IECS>>6:00. Interaction of Instrucond w/Classcond IE****aIc See also "Inhibition: Historic Independent C-Variables" DUX- Difficult to establish motor R to prior classical S - - - - Kon,J.'50+ DUUU Prior classcond decr acq instrucond w/same S - - - - - - - Kon,J.'52+ RxOS Pair(S,shock-on)-->Incr freq of head-turn R w/S as reinf - Cop.HW'54- Pair(S,shock-off)-->Less incr R w/S as reinf than above Cop,HW'54- RVRH After Pair(S,frustrative nonreward), S decr ongoing IR - - Ams,A.'64+ RAe- Suppress run R w/buzz after Pair(buzz,shock) - - - - - - - And,DC'67e Above suppression incr-f shock inten during pairing And,DC'67e RAE- S/Genz of food-reinf R incr if test S prior paired w/water Hyd,T.'67+ ROO- Pair(injection,insulin)--Injection S facil food R - - - - - Bal,S.'68- RxRH Pair(S1,sh)--Pair(S2,S1)-->S2 decr Speed(IR) - - - - - - - Joh,D.'69+ RAP Title: Aversive discrim S on appetitive R - - - - - - - - Gro,NE'71- D Title: CS for food on autochthonous IR - - - - - - - - - - Sol,S.'76e rGRO Pair(odor,LiCl) at day-20 of gestation---acq IR at 10-d age Smo,WP'82- w/suckling reinf---odor decr Speed(IR) - - - - - - - - - Smo,WP'82- Title: Pavlovian processes in motiv - - - - - - - - - - - Dic,A.'87+ R Title: Control IR w/Pavlovian S - - - - - - - - - - - - - Res,RA'94- Relevant unconded root-abstracts Relevant(?) unabstracted/uncoded literature R Title: Inhib effect of pun - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Whe,DR'33- N Title: Mech of reinf w/clasping act - - - - - - - - - - - MCu,TL'39- Title: Perf as-f(trng/PRF) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wil,N.'54- RAR Title: Perf as-f(PRF) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Gre,JT'55- Title: Random/pattern instructional set - - - - - - - - - Bra,H.'57e R E Title: Frustration and sec-reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - Law,R.'58+ RAR Title: Duration of reinf and delay - - - - - - - - - - - - Slo,DA'59- F Title: PRF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wod,J.'59+ R Title: Motiv and P(Reinf) on lrng - - - - - - - - - - - - Woo,PJ'59- R Title: P diff on lrng - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Woo,PJ'59- DN Title: IR evoked by ESB - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wyr,W.'59e Title: Continually changing reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - Din,M.'60- h B Title: CS presence during Delay(reinf) - - - - - - - - - - Rie,M.'61- R Title: Cog/S-R interp of incentive motiv - - - - - - - - - Fur,JJ'63+ RAR Title: Total Amt(reinf) w/PRF on perf - - - - - - - - - - Suk,S.'63+ RT Title: Long-term effect of aversive S - - - - - - - - - - Wal,GC'63- RAR Title: S-conditions/reward on perf - - - - - - - - - - - - Lis,SS'64- R Title: Effect of endbox placement - - - - - - - - - - - - Gon,RC'65+ Title: Priming on acq/extn - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kna,FA'65- RAR Title: Double runway perf as-f(P(Reinf)) - - - - - - - - - Pol,MF'65- RAR Title: PRF w/equal total reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Suk,S.'65+ RAR Title: ECS in 1-trial appetitive lrng - - - - - - - - - - Ten,SS'65- Title: R as-f(nonreinf predictability) - - - - - - - - - - Ped,DR'66- Title: Food reinf on alimentary excit - - - - - - - - - - Wyr,W.'66- R Title: PRF on vigor/persist - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ams,A.'67- R Title: Varying N/nonreward trials - - - - - - - - - - - - Cot,JW'67e R Title: S inten on app/avoid beh - - - - - - - - - - - - - Don,JW'67+ Title: Speed/accuracy as-f(dep) - - - - - - - - - - - - - Har,MM'67- RAR Title: Pre/post reinf delay w/small N/tr - - - - - - - - - MCa,G.'67+ RAR Title: Fixed/free-time reward - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pat,RL'67- RAR Title: PRF on speed + choice - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spe,NE'67+ RAR Title: Interactn of detention/Mag(Reinf) - - - - - - - - - Lud,HW'68- RAR Title: Acq/extn w/reward GB placements - - - - - - - - - - Nor,AJ'68+ RAR Title: Confinement duration and pattern - - - - - - - - - Sur,CT'68+ RSR Title: Diff reinf values of sex R - - - - - - - - - - - - War,R.'68- h Title: IR as-f(cond of reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Gra,DM'69- RAR Title: Frustrative reward - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Str,KT'69+ RCP Title: Amt(Reinf) and ITI on acq - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wil,DT'69- R Title: Spatial relation to goal re chain - - - - - - - - - Bec,PW'70- x Title: Lrng in gerbils/rats - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lip,LG'70e R Title: Incentive value of PRF/CRF - - - - - - - - - - - - Ren,KE'70+ Title: Prefer unsignaled/signaled reinf - - - - - - - - - Her,D.'71+ RAR Title: Delay and reward in double runway - - - - - - - - - Sha,JM'71- RVP Title: Cue during Delay(Reinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tom,JW'71+ RAR Title: Shift body weight and Mag(reinf) - - - - - - - - - Cap,ED'73- RAR Title: Deprivation shift effect - - - - - - - - - - - - - Eis,R.'73e R Title: ECS in 1-trial appetitive lrng - - - - - - - - - - Eve,JC'73+ RAR Title: Incentive S on acq/choice/HR - - - - - - - - - - - Ros,SS'73- Title: Effect of reward consistency - - - - - - - - - - - Wal,TG'73- R Title: Cond fear/frustration w/incentive - - - - - - - - - Ros,RA'74- RN Title: Hippocamp lsn on latent inhib - - - - - - - - - - - Hop,SA'75- R Title: Pattern of partial S+ reward - - - - - - - - - - - MHo,JH'75+ T Title: Hunger/environ/food reinf--hamster - - - - - - - - She,SJ'75- Title: P(Reinf) w/PRF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mad,MJ'76- T Title: Punish of 3 actions--hamster - - - - - - - - - - - She,SJ'78- Title: R-conting in rewarding ESB - - - - - - - - - - - - Tsa,EW'78- RAR Title: Mag(reinf) following dep upshift - - - - - - - - - Dav,TL'80e RG Title: Constraints on lrnd R to odors - - - - - - - - - - Esl,PJ'80+ RVL Title: N-R transitions on acq - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Hag,SJ'80- Title: Postacq unexpected shock in IR - - - - - - - - - - Mil,RR'83+ R Title: Food priming on acq/perf - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ter,WS'83- RG Title: Hunger incr calorie mediated pref - - - - - - - - - Fed,PM'87+ R Title: Overshadowing as-f sched(reinf) - - - - - - - - - - Ree,P.'88e R Title: Reinf devaluation on discrim - - - - - - - - - - - Col,RM'90+ R Title: R-indep outcome presentations - - - - - - - - - - - Res,RA'92-