LOGAN: LAWS OF LEARNING (Basic Processes) January 2004 INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING: Excitation Historic Contingency Interdependent Variables Contents Paradigmatic/Natural/Asocial/Emotionally-Positive/Interdependent-Operation Principle IEHC<>1:00. Retention (Memory) of Instrumental Cond ID****ata IEHC<>1:10. Consolidation ID****atN Behavioral/Unnatural/Asocial/Emotionally-Neutral Effect IEHC<>1:20 Post-trial Stimulation ID****tts Behavioral/Natural/Asocial/Emotionally-Negative Effect IEHC<>2:00. Motivational Effect of Nonreinf in PRF ID****omf IEHC<>2:10. Effects other than Runway Speed(IR) ID****omo Systematic Analysis of Effect of Nonreinf ID****omz Relevant uncoded root-abstracts Relevant(?) unabstracted/uncoded literature Principle IEHC<>1:00. Retention (Memory) of Instrumental Cond ID****ata Little or no decr in IR as-f(time alone) Note: Distinguish retention interval from ITI RARH Retention neg-accel-decr-f(3/7/16/28-days) B4 test - - - - Gag,RM'41- RARH Speed(IR) 24-hr after trng not-f(4/8/16/32 trng tr) - - - - Mot,FA'43+ RART Speed(IR) after 3-6-wk retention after hi > lo dep in acq - OKe,LI'48+ O Title: Retention in paramecium - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Gel,B.'58- RARH IR perf decr w/64-d retentn interval, not-f(prior extn exp) Gle,H.'63+ RARH Hi 27-day retention of run Speed(IR) - - - - - - - - - - - Ehr,D.'64+ DUxH Acq wash-face-w/paw and other IRs w/food reinf - - - - - - Air,AA'65- H Former above more persistent, more recovery from ablatn Air,AA'65- RART After 1 reinf tr, perf decr-incr-f(.05-24-hr B4 test) - - - Sey,J.'79e NLPO W/language-trng O, primacy/recency and clustering Buc,JP'81e in free recall of 7-9-item categorical word lists - - - Buc,JP'81e SVRH Diffcond perf decr-f(1-30-d retention interval B4 test) - - Ale,B.'86+ IEHC<>1:10. Consolidation ID****atN . Retention may be incr/decr by post-event events Hypo: Experience-->LTM not immediate RNAS Acq pun IR decr w/post-trial ECS w/in 15 min - - - - - - - Dun,CP'49- RNRH Nembutal B4 ECS elim decr effect of ECS on Speed(IR) - - - Sie,PS'49e RARH Effect of ECS on acq IR attrib to emotionality, vs consolid MDo,D.'58+ RNA 1-tr punish IR decr w/post-tr ECS only w/< 10-sec delay - - Cho,SL'60+ RNRH Speed(IR) decr w/concur daily ECS delayed at least 3-hr - - Ste,JA'61+ UUUU Interp amnesia w/ECS as cond competing R elicited by ECS - Lew,DJ'63+ RCJx Interp ECS effect on pun IR re amnesia vs competing R - - - Ger,LK'64+ RNJS Perf decr w/ECS shortly after trng or B4 test, not intermed Ada,HE'65+ RDRT Speed(IR) not-f(chlorpromazine after each daily trial) - - Ada,HE'65e RNES Post-trng ECS decr retention 1-tr pun IR, not-f(pun inten) Del,DJ'65+ RART Speed(IR) incr-f(75-3600-sec delay B4 ECS after 1 pun tr - Kin,RA'65- RNJS Effect of ECS decr by non-ECS time in shock box (extn) - - Ada,HE'66- SCOS Retention 1-tr pun IR w/30-min post-tr dark > stim = home Cal,WH'66+ RNES No effect of post-trng ECS re 1-tr pun IR, not-f pun inten Del,DJ'66+ Title: ECS on 1-tr lrng - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Her,MJ'66- SVRO 1-tr pun IR decr w/post-tr ECS/ether - - - - - - - - - - - Her,MJ'66e SNUS Perf 1-tr pun IR decr w/ECS up to 1-hr post-trng - - - - - Kop,R.'66e UNUS ECS B4 trng decr retest perf or 1-tr pun IR - - - - - - - - Kop,R.'66e SCLS Retention of 1-tr IR decr w/post-tr ether if heated - - - - Alp,HP'67+ SNJS Retention 1-tr pun IR decr w/immed short, delayed long ECS Alp,HP'68+ RNOS Pre-expose to exper sit decr elim of post-tr ECS on pun IR Lew,DJ'68e SNOS 24-h retentn 1-tr pun IR decr w/immed not delay stab cortex Dor,LJ'69e SUPS Retentn 1-tr pun IR decr w/immed, not delayed hot/cold H2O Jac,BL'69+ RN Title: Amnesia as-f events B4 ECS - - - - - - - - - - - - Mil,RR'69e R Title: Assessment of retrograde amnesia - - - - - - - - - Car,TJ'70- R Title: Environ complexity on amnesia - - - - - - - - - - - Mil,RR'70- RNRS Acq 1-tr pun IR decr w/post-trial ECS, not footshock - - - ThomRW'70e RCJS Amnesia w/ECS after 1-tr pun IR, not after later shock - - DVi,TL'73e SxLS d-AMPH decr 24-hr retention of 1-tr pun IR only if immed - Jam,DT'75- d-AMPH had no effect on 1-tr pos reinf IR even if immed Jam,DT'75- OVAH Narcosis/cooling w/in 15-min-->amnesia re 1-tr reinf R - - Erb,J.'76- RCOS Retentn 1-tr IR-contingent pun decr w/post-tr hippocamp ESB Kap,BS'78e Retentn 1-tr nonconting pun not-f(post-tr hippocamp ESB) Kap,BS'78e SCPS Memory re 1-tr lrng pun IR not discrupted by immed hot H2O MAn,FT'78- RNxx Stim substantia nigra pars compacta decr retention 1-tr IR Phi,AG'78+ Above disrupt obtained w/both appetitive/aversive motiv Phi,AG'78+ SCOS Cycloheximide decr retention 1-tr pun IR, elim w/nicotine - Sta,ER'80+ RNUS 24-hr retentn of 1-tr pun IR decr w/amygdala/hippocamp ESB Bak,LJ'81e Reminder foot-shock decr hippocamp, not amygdala amnesia Bak,LJ'81e RUUS 24-hr retention 1-tr pun IR decr w/post-tr hypothermia - - Ham,RJ'81- Above w/aged = mature O if equate lrng/body temp Ham,RJ'81- IEHC<>1:20 Post-trial Stimulation ID****tts RNUU 1-tr appetitive IR facil w/post-tr lateral hypothal ESB Whi,N.'78+ w/1000 not 30 if self-administered; 30, not 1000 by E IEHC<>2:00. Motivational Effect of Nonreinf in PRF ID****omf . Terms: Frustrative Nonreward Frustration Effect (FE) Note: Measure FE re Speed(IR) after nonreinf in PRF R E Title: Motiv state resulting w/nonreinf - - - - - - - - - Roh,JH'49- RARH Lat(IR) to GB2 after nonreinf < after reinf in GB1 - - - - Ams,A.'52+ Above frustration effect (FE) nof-f delay in empty GB1 Ams,A.'52+ R E- R to frustration is-f prior trng in sim situations - - - - Dav,JR'52- RARH Attrib FE to prefeeding in GB1 vs frustration w/nonreinf Sew,JP'57e RXX- Argues against interp of FE due to slow IR after prefeeding Ams,A.'58- Title: Effect of nonreinf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pen,RK'59- RARH FE devel gradual w/init PRF trng, sudden w/shift CRF-->PRF Wag.AR'59- RARH FE is-f sim of runway/GB and length of runway - - - - - - - Ams,A.'61e RARH Obtain FE w/inaccessible food, not-f prior feeding exper - Ams,A.'62+ RARH W/double alley, FE temporary w/shift CRF to nonreinf in GB1 MHo,JH'63- W/double alley, FE persist w/shift CRF to PRF in GB1 MHo,JH'63- Re above, alley-1 Speed(IR) incr w/PRF, decr extn in GB1 MHo,JH'63- RARH W/double runway, FE w/5-sec, not 5-min confinement in GB1 - Rob,AW'63+ Title: Speed as-f(nonreinf) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rya,TJ'63- R Title: Overtrng and frustration - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wag,AR'63- R Title: FE as-f confinement/detention - - - - - - - - - - - McK,JR'64+ RARH FE re Speed(IR) after nonreinf in GB1 w/hi-D > lo-D - - - - MHo,JH'64+ RARH FE re Speed(IR) in runway-2 after 15 > 90-sec in empty GB1 MKi,JR'64+ RARH After diffcond re Amt(Reinf) in GB1 re W/B alleys, Pec,RH'64+ FE after nonreinf in GB1 re large > small reinf - - - - Pec,RH'64+ RARH FE after nonreinf, not after decr Amt(Reinf) - - - - - - - Bar,RJ'65e MCPH Speed in link-2 of FR-FR chain after nonreinf>reinf link-1 Dav,JW'65+ RARH FE as-f(nonreinf) not-f(R-effort) - - - - - - - - - - - - - Gru,T.'65+ RARH W/double runway, FE decr-f(Amt(Reinf in GB1)) - - - - - - - MHo,JH'65+ RxRH Speed(IR) in semicircular maze incr w/extn alley/jump IR - Fuj,O.'66+ RARH Some evidence of less FE w/patterned vs random PRF re IR1 - Gro,JH'66e R Title: Perf after reinf/nonreinf in PRF - - - - - - - - - MCa,G.'66- R E Title: Frustration-suppression effect - - - - - - - - - - Dun,PJ.67+ RARH W/triple alley, no summation of FE re nonreinf in GB1 + GB2 Ham,HD'67- R Title: Frustration vigor effect - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mar,MH'67+ Title: Motiv effects of PRF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Gar,BL'68- RARH FE re incr Speed(IR2) after correl = uncorrel nonreinf IR1 Log,FA'68- Title: R to nonreward w/PRF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nei,TK'68- RAR Title: Effects of nonreinf on beh - - - - - - - - - - - - Rob,D.'68e R Title: Motiv prop of nonreward - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tac,RS'68+ RAR Title: Interp of FE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ber,DF'69- RVJ Title: Is instru R nec for frustration? - - - - - - - - - Dal,HB'69- RDRH Little effect of stimulants/depressants on daily FE - - - - Fre,PE'69+ RARH Obtain FE w/decr Amt(Reinf) in GB1 w/hunger constant - - - Hal,LA'69+ RAR Title: Reward incr/decr in double runway - - - - - - - - - Kar,SA'69- RAR1 W/food/H2O dep, FE w/food PRF in GB1,food or H2O CRF in GB2 Lev,N.'69+ W/food/H2O dep, no FE w/H2O PRF in GB1, food/H2O GB2 CRF Lev,N.'69+ RARH W/sucrose reward, FE re PRF in GB1 if w/food dep, not w/out Dun,WP'70+ RARH Decr in FE w/devel of patterning of IR w/altern PRF in GB1 Hug,JJ'70- RARH Obtain FE w/varied Amt(Reinf) in GB1 re Speed(IR2) - - - - Pat,RL'70+ RARH No effect of incr/decr reinf in GB1 on perf in 2nd alley - Pry,RE'70+ RARH W/large GB1 and post-reinf confinement, FE w/varied Amt(Rf) Pat,RL'71- RARx W/double runway, no FE w/50% reinf ESB in GB1 - - - - - - - Pet,RH'71+ RAR Title: GB placements in double runway - - - - - - - - - - Pry,RE'71e RARH FE in double runway w/shift partial delay to PRF in GB1 - - Sgr,JA'71e RAR Title: Specificity of reinf expect on FE - - - - - - - - - Lam,JV'72+ RARH FE w/double runway not-f(septal lesions) - - - - - - - - - Mab,PD'72+ RARH Pattern Speed(IR) in 1st runway and FE in 2nd runway Pav,WB'72e w/altern > random PRF in 1st runway, esp w/PRF in 2nd - Pav,WB'72e RARH FE re PRF in GB1 w/CRF > PRF in GB2 - - - - - - - - - - - - Sgr,JA'72e RARH W/double runway, Speed(IR2) after delayed < immed rf in GB1 Sgr,JA'72e RARH FE w/decr Qual(Reinf) (sucrose-->alfalfa) in GB1 - - - - - Cro,HA'74+ RNRH FE re incr Speed(IR) after nonreinf incr w/hypothal lsn - - Hen,PG'74- RARH FE w/PRF re GB acty on nonreinf tr incr-f(Amt(Reinf)) - - - Hug,LF'74e RARH FE maint over extended trng w/diffcond in alley 1 - - - - - Pat,RL'74+ RARH In double runway, FE w/shift GB1 from CRF to PRF - - - - - Woo,PE'74+ Also observe FE w/shift GB1 from nonreinf to PRF Woo,PE'74+ Title: Frustrative nonreward on attract - - - - - - - - - Gaf,EA'76+ RARH W/double runway, amydala lsn but not septal lsn elim FE - - Hen,PG'77- W/double runway, septal lsn but not amydala elim PREE Hen,PG'77- Title: Motiv prop of frustration - - - - - - - - - - - - - Oss,KP'78- RARH FE after nonreinf tr decr w/pun on rewarded tr in alley 1 - Sgr,JA'78+ RARH W/PRF in GB1, FE incr-f(Amt(Reinf)) in GB1 and GB2 - - - - Gut,JC'79+ RARH FE re post-nonreinf Speed(IR) after large > small PRF - - - Boy,WN'80+ IEHC<>2:10. Effects other than Runway Speed(IR) ID****omo RARH After CRF trng, aggression w/paired O after nonreinf re PRF Gal,GG'65- RARH W/Chain IR1-IR2-OpR w/VI reinf, PRF re IR1-->FE re Rate(OpR Por,JJ'65e xCPH Speed in link-2 of FR-FR chain after nonreinf>reinf link-1 Dav,JW'66e Re above, 2nd link Speed(IR) incr-f(delay after 1st link Dav,JW'66e RPAO W/PRF trng in alley, open-field acty after nonreinf > reinf Gal,GG'69+ RFAH Post-trial open-field acty after PRF>CRF, esp post-nonreinf Gal,GG'69+ RARH Record incr in stabilimeter GB acty after nonreinf w/PRF - Dun,WP'71e RAAH Frustration re rel post-nonreinf acty persists over 60-sec Dun,WP'74e RxxH Open-field acty incr immed after extn tr in runway - - - - Kli,E.'74e RUPH W/consecutive FRs on 2 bars and PRF after 1st FR, Zas,MR'74+ Rate(IR) in 2nd FR after nonreinf > reinf in 1st FR - - Zas,MR'74+ Systematic Analysis of Effect of Nonreinf ID****omz RARHomz_Greater FE if stim for R1 B4 nonreinf sim to R2 GB stim - - Ams,A.'57+ omz_ Interp:Frustration is-f vigor of antic rg-sg B4 nonreinf Ams,A.'57+ XXEXomz_Sim effects pain/nonreinf favor sim th (eg fear/frustratn) Wag,AR'66- Relevant(?) unabstracted/uncoded literature RAR Title: FE as-f(drive/ITI) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mar,FN'51- Title: Org of retention - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bra,H.'58+ P P Title: Interpolated lrng on retention - - - - - - - - - - Keh,J.'63- R Title: Diff reinf history on lrng - - - - - - - - - - - - MNa,HJ'64+ R Title: Role of Rg-Sg in forgetting - - - - - - - - - - - - Ehr,D.'66+ RN Title: ECS and inhib - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lew,DJ'66+ RAR Title: FE w/shift qual/quant reinf - - - - - - - - - - - - Sgr,JA'66- R R Title: PRF on reminiscence - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tho,ME'66- R Title: Retention of reinforcer mag - - - - - - - - - - - - Spe,NE'67- S Title: ECS induced amnesia - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Bog,WO'68- RN Title: Amnesia w/hippocamp injection - - - - - - - - - - - Hug,RA'68- RN Title: ECS amnesia w/1-tr lrng - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pin,JP'69- RN Title: Permanent/temporary ECS amnesia - - - - - - - - - - Rid,WI'69- RAR Title: Remove/delay reinf w/double runway - - - - - - - - Sgr,JA'69- R Title: Frustrative nonreward (Campbell) - - - - - - - - - Wag,AR'69- RNJ Title: Trng-to-test interval re ECS - - - - - - - - - - - Hug,RA'70e RN Title: 2 types of ECS disruption of 1-tr lrng - - - - - - Pin,JP'70- RAC Title: ECS: State-dependent lrng - - - - - - - - - - - - - DVi,TL'71+ R Title: Forgetting--Fail retrieval (Honig) - - - - - - - - Spe,NE'71- h Title: FE as-f(delayed IR) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wil,DL'71- R Title: Retrieval of memory in animals - - - - - - - - - - Spe,NE'73- R Title: Reinstatement of memory after ECS - - - - - - - - - DVi,TL'74+ RN Title: Memory restoration after ECS - - - - - - - - - - - Mil,RR'74e R Title: Neg/pos contrast and FE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wil,EE'74- R Title: Retrieval of memories (Estes) - - - - - - - - - - - Spe,NE'76- r Title: Alleviation of forgetting - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spe,NE'78+ R R Title: Retention after acq/extn/discrim - - - - - - - - - Lud,HW'80e R Title: Memory for >1 hedonic event - - - - - - - - - - - - Cap,EJ'82e RAR Title: Recall of GB in latent lrng/discrim - - - - - - - - Gaf,D.'84+ R Title: Time between events as recall cue - - - - - - - - - Cap,EJ'86e RG Title: CTA disrupts instrucond - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Dav,SF'87e R Title: Item memory in serial-pattern - - - - - - - - - - - Fou,SB'90- R Title: Memories/expectancies of reward - - - - - - - - - - Cap,EJ'95e