Heat Stress

Course Outline
Study Notes
Readings
593eee Labs
Study Guides

Aoyagi Y, McLellan TM, Shephard RJ. Effects of 6 versus 12 days of heat acclimation on heat tolerance in lightly exercising men wearing protective clothing. Eur J Appl Physiol. 1995;71(2-3):187-96.

Aoyagi Y, McLellan TM, Shephard RJ. Interactions of physical training and heat acclimation. The thermophysiology of exercising in a hot climate. Sports Med. 1997 Mar;23(3):173-210.

Armstrong LE, De Luca JP, Hubbard RW. Time course of recovery and heat acclimation ability of prior exertional heatstroke patients. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Feb;22(1):36-48.

Armstrong LE, Maresh CM. The induction and decay of heat acclimatisation in trained athletes. Sports Med. 1991 Nov;12(5):302-12.

Backer HD, Shopes E, Collins SL, Barkan H. Exertional heat illness and hyponatremia in hikers. Am J Emerg Med. 1999 Oct;17(6):532-9.

Barr SI. Effects of dehydration on exercise performance. Can J Appl Physiol. 1999 Apr;24(2):164-72.

Brandenberger G, Candas V, Follenius M, Libert JP, Kahn JM. Vascular fluid shifts and endocrine responses to exercise in the heat. Effect of rehydration. Eur J Appl Physiol. 1986;55(2):123-9.

Buono MJ, Heaney JH, Canine KM. Acclimation to humid heat lowers resting core temperature. Am J Physiol. 1998 May;274(5 Pt 2):R1295-9.

Cadarette BS, Montain SJ, Kolka MA, Stroschein L, Matthew W, Sawka MN. Cross validation of USARIEM heat strain prediction models. U.S. ARMY Research Institute of Environmental Medicine. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1999 Oct;70(10):996-1006.

Carter JE, Gisolfi CV. Fluid replacement during and after exercise in the heat. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989 Oct;21(5):532-9.

Casa DJ, Maresh CM, Armstrong LE, Kavouras SA, Herrera JA, Hacker FT Jr, Keith NR, Elliott TA. Intravenous versus oral rehydration during a brief period: responses to subsequent exercise in the heat. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Jan;32(1):124-33.

Cheung SS, McLellan TM. Heat acclimation, aerobic fitness, and hydration effects on tolerance during uncompensable heat stress. J Appl Physiol. 1998 May;84(5):1731-9.

Cheung SS, McLellan TM. Influence of hydration status and fluid replacement on heat tolerance while wearing NBC protective clothing. Eur J Appl Physiol. 1998;77(1-2):139-48.

Coyle EF. Physiological determinants of endurance exercise performance. J Sci Med Sport. 1999 Oct;2(3):181-9.

Dawson B, Pyke FS, Morton AR.Improvements in heat tolerance induced by interval running training in the heat and in sweat clothing in cool conditions. J Sports Sci. 1989 Winter;7(3):189-203.

Falk B. Effects of thermal stress during rest and exercise in the paediatric population. Sports Med. 1998 Apr;25(4):221-40.

Febbraio MA, Snow RJ, Hargreaves M, Stathis CG, Martin IK, Carey MF. Muscle metabolism during exercise and heat stress in trained men: effect of acclimation. J Appl Physiol. 1994 Feb;76(2):589-97.

Galloway SD. Dehydration, rehydration, and exercise in the heat: rehydration strategies for athletic competition. Can J Appl Physiol. 1999 Apr;24(2):188-200.

Gardner JW, Kark JA. Fatal rhabdomyolysis presenting as mild heat illness in military training. Mil Med. 1994 Feb;159(2):160-3.

Garigan TP, Ristedt DE. Death from hyponatremia as a result of acute water intoxication in an army basic trainee. Mil Med. 1999 Mar;164(3):234-8.

Gisolfi CV, Duchman SM. Guidelines for optimal replacement beverages for different athletic events. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1992 Jun;24(6):679-87.

Gisolfi CV, Wenger CB. Temperature regulation during exercise: old concepts, new ideas. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 1984;12:339-72.

Gleeson M. Temperature regulation during exercise. Int J Sports Med. 1998 Jun;19 Suppl 2:S96-9.

Gonzalez-Alonso J, Calbet JA, Nielsen B. Metabolic and thermodynamic responses to dehydration-induced reductions in muscle blood flow in exercising humans. J Physiol (Lond). 1999 Oct 15;520 Pt 2:577-89.

Gonzalez-Alonso J, Calbet JA, Nielsen B. Muscle blood flow is reduced with dehydration during prolonged exercise in humans. J Physiol (Lond). 1998 Dec 15;513 ( Pt 3):895-905.

Gonzalez-Alonso J. Separate and combined influences of dehydration and hyperthermia on cardiovascular responses to exercise. Int J Sports Med. 1998 Jun;19 Suppl 2:S111-4.

Gopinathan PM, Pichan G, Sharma VM. Role of dehydration in heat stress-induced variations in mental performance. Arch Environ Health. 1988 Jan-Feb;43(1):15-7.

Greenleaf JE, Convertino VA, Mangseth GR, Plasma volume during stress in man: osmolality and red cell volume. J. Appl. Physiol. 1979;47(5):1031-1038.

Greenleaf JE. Problem: thirst, drinking behavior, and involuntary dehydration. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1992 Jun;24(6):645-56.

Greenleaf JE, Looft-Wilson R, Wisherd JL, Jackson CGR, et al. Hypervolemia in men from fluid ingestion at rest and during exercise. Aviat. Space, Environ. Med. 1998;69(4):374-386.

Griefahn B. Acclimation to three different hot climates with equivalent wet bulb globe temperatures. Ergonomics. 1997 Feb;40(2):223-34.

Hargreaves M, Febbraio M. Limits to exercise performance in the heat. Int J Sports Med. 1998 Jun;19 Suppl 2:S115-6.

Hitchins S, Martin DT, Burke L, Yates K, et al. Glycerol hyperhydration improves cycle time trial performance in hot and humid conditions. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 1999;80:494-501.

Houmard JA, Costill DL, Davis JA, Mitchell JB, Pascoe DD, Robergs RA. The influence of exercise intensity on heat acclimation in trained subjects. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Oct;22(5):615-20.

Hubbard RW. Heatstroke pathophysiology: the energy depletion model. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Feb;22(1):19-28.

Kark JA, Burr PQ, Wenger CB, Gastaldo E, Gardner JW. Exertional heat illness in Marine Corps recruit training. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1996 Apr;67(4):354-60.

Knochel JP. Heat stroke and related heat stress disorders. Dis Mon. 1989 May;35(5):301-77.

Kubica R, Tyka A, Zuchowicz A, Czubala M. Human acclimation to work in warm and humid environments. J Physiol Pharmacol. 1996 Sep;47(3):515-24.

Lambert CP, Costill DL, McConell GK, Benedict MA, Lambert GP, Robergs RA, Fink WJ. Fluid replacement after dehydration: Influence of beverage carbonation and carbohydrate content. Int. J. Sports Med. 1992;13(4):285-292.

Lyons TP, Riedesel ML, Meuli LE, Chick TW. Effects of glycerol-induced hyperhydration prior to exercise in the heat on sweating and core temperature. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 1990;22(4):477-483.

Maughan RJ, Leiper JB. Limitations to fluid replacement during exercise. Can J Appl Physiol. 1999 Apr;24(2):173-87.

Maughan RJ, Leiper JB, Shirreffs SM. Restoration of fluid balance after exercise-induced dehydration:effects of food and fluid intake. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 1996;73:317-325.

Maughan RJ. Fluid balance and exercise. Int J Sports Med. 1992 Oct;13 Suppl 1:S132-5.

Maxwell NS, Gardner F, Nimmo MA. Intermittent running: muscle metabolism in the heat and effect of hypohydration. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999 May;31(5):675-83.

Millard-Stafford M. Fluid replacement during exercise in the heat. Review and recommendations. Sports Med. 1992 Apr;13(4):223-33.

Montain SJ, Sawka MN, Latzka WA, Valeri CR. Thermal and cardiovascular strain from hypohydration: Influence of exercise intensity. Int. J. Sports Med. 1998;19:87-91.

Moran DS, Montain SJ, Pandolf KB. Evaluation of different levels of hydration using a new physiological strain index. Am J Physiol. 1998 Sep;275(3 Pt 2):R854-60.

Moran DS, Shitzer A, Pandolf KB. A physiological strain index to evaluate heat stress. Am J Physiol. 1998 Jul;275(1 Pt 2):R129-34.

Murphy RJ. Heat illness in the athlete. Am J Sports Med. 1984 Jul-Aug;12(4):258-61.

Neufer PD, Young AJ, Sawka MN. Gastric emptying during exercise: effects of heat stress and hypohydration. Eur J Appl Physiol. 1989;58(4):433-9.

Nielsen B. Heat acclimation--mechanisms of adaptation to exercise in the heat. Int J Sports Med. 1998 Jun;19 Suppl 2:S154-6.

Nielsen B. Heat stress and acclimation. Ergonomics. 1994 Jan;37(1):49-58.

Noakes TD. Fluid and electrolyte disturbances in heat illness. Int J Sports Med. 1998 Jun;19 Suppl 2:S146-9.

Nose H, Mack GW, Shi XR, Nadel ER. Involvement of sodium retention hormones during rehydration in humans. J Appl Physiol. 1988 Jul;65(1):332-6.

Nose H, Mack GW, Shi XR, Nadel ER. Role of osmolality and plasma volume during rehydration in humans. J Appl Physiol. 1988 Jul;65(1):325-31.

Nose H, Mack GW, Shi X, Morimoto K, Nadel ER. Effect of saline infusion during exercise on thermal and circulatory regulations. J. Appl. Physiol. 69(2):609-616, 1990.

Pandolf KB. Time course of heat acclimation and its decay. Int J Sports Med. 1998 Jun;19 Suppl 2:S157-60.

Ryan AJ, Bleiler TL, Carter JE, Gisolfi CV. Gastric emptying during prolonged cycling exercise in the heat. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989 Feb;21(1):51-8.

Sawka MN, Convertino VA, Eichner ER, Schnieder SM, Young AJ. Blood volume: importance and adaptations to exercise training, environmental stresses, and trauma/sickness. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Feb;32(2):332-48.

Sawka MN, Coyle EF. Influence of body water and blood volume on thermoregulation and exercise performance in the heat. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 1999;27:167-218.

Sawka MN, Greenleaf JE. Current concepts concerning thirst, dehydration, and fluid replacement: overview. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1992 Jun;24(6):643-4.

Sawka MN, Toner MM, Francesconi RP, Pandolf KB. Hypohydration and exercise: effects of heat acclimation, gender, and environment. J Appl Physiol. 1983 Oct;55(4):1147-53.

Sawka MN. Physiological consequences of hypohydration: exercise performance and thermoregulation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1992 Jun;24(6):657-70.

Shapiro Y, Moran D, Epstein Y. Acclimatization strategies--preparing for exercise in the heat. Int J Sports Med. 1998 Jun;19 Suppl 2:S161-3.

Shapiro Y, Seidman DS. Field and clinical observations of exertional heat stroke patients. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Feb;22(1):6-14.